1868.] LETTH ADAMS — DEATH OF FISHES. 303 



Under such circumstances we have in the Lake-district a greater 

 thickness of rocks conformably above the representative of the Bala 

 limestone than is to be found elsewhere in the British islands. If 

 we adopt the measurement of Mr. M'Kenny Hughes for these rocks 

 as they occur near Sedbergh, we shall have a thickness, exclusive of 

 the calcareous shales at the top of the Coniston limestone, of upwards 

 of 7500 feet, made up of slates (mudstones) some hundred feet, 

 tough grits 1000 feet, Coniston flags 2000 feet, Lower Coniston 

 grits 1200 feet, and Upper Coniston grits 3000 feet*. This gives 

 us a thickness of strata considerably exceeding the whole of the 

 Upper Silurian rocks of Wales. 



Some of the members of this series in the Lake-country proper 

 are not so thick as those in the area where Mr. Hughes's observa- 

 tions were made. This is the case with the graptolitiferous mud- 

 stones. Others, however, as the Coniston flags, are probably some- 

 what thicker ; and on the whole it is not likely that there is any 

 great difference in thickness between the two areas. We require, 

 therefore, now to add to what has hitherto been regarded as the 

 Caradoc or Bala formation, a great thickness of strata which contain 

 in their higher parts some new forms of life, but which on the whole 

 possess a decidedly Lower Silurian fauna. 



3. On the Death o/Eishes on the Coast of the Bay o/Ftjistdt. 

 By A. Leith Adams, F.G.S., Surgeon, 22nd Regiment. 



When- engaged in a shooting- expedition in the forests of South- 

 western New Brunswick at the entrance of the Magaguadavic Eiver, 

 I had my attention directed to an extraordinary occurrence which 

 took place on the 24th of September, 1867, in one of the numerous 

 inlets or creeks in the Devonian and Silurian beds that constitute 

 the chief geological formations of this portion of the coast-line of the 

 Bay of Pnndy. Anderson's Cove, as it is called, is a small bay to 

 the west of the mouth of the above-named river, and at the entrance 

 of a valley, down which runs an insignificant stream emptying into 

 a muddy lagoon about 1200 feet in circumference at high water. 

 This lagoon is oval-shaped, the small end communicating with An- 

 derson's Cove by means of a narrow and rocky channel at its eastern 

 extremitj' . A sea-wall, formed of rocks, stranded logs, and lumber 

 piled in confused masses, intervenes between the cove and the lagoon in 

 ■ front ; so that the only direct communication is by the passage just 

 mentioned. The area thus enclosed forms a large lake at high tide, 

 into which the waves rush and retire with great force, whilst at 

 ebb tide the water is shallow, forming a muddy morass of about half 

 the dimensions already given. On the 24th of September, during a 

 heavy gale from the west, impinging almost straight on the entrance 

 to the lagoon, and whilst the sea was running high, enormous num- 

 bers of small fishes were observed floating dead on the surface of 

 the lagoon, and being thrown up in quantities by the waves ; and on 



* Op. cit. supra, p. 335. 



