1868.] noLL — SOUTH devon and east coenwall. 445 



above the Plymouth and Torbay range, where is the place of the 

 latter and of the red grits which overlie them at Staddon Point and 

 Blagdon Cross, on the north of Kingston Down ? There can be no 

 question about the rocks of Hingston Down and the vicinity of 

 Buckland Monachorum being the lowest in the line of countrj^ be- 

 tween South Petherwin and the coast at Whitesand Bay; and 

 admitting that the rocks of the St. Breock's anticlinal axis are, as I 

 believe, somewhat lower in the series, we still find no trace of the 

 red rocks of Staddon Point and the Kingsbridge district, between 

 them and the volcanic beds of St. Clether and Tintagell, as they curve 

 round by Delabole to the coast at Pentire and Padstow ; and al- 

 though it is possible that they may have thinned out before reaching 

 Bodmin, that could hardly be the case as regards the country north 

 of Plymouth. There really appears, therefore, to be so little 

 ambiguity about the stratigraphical relations of these different beds, 

 that it becomes necessary to examine the evidence afforded by 

 organic remains which has led to a different opinion. 



The following Table (Table II.) gives the distribution of the 76 

 species from the fossiliferous rocks of South Petherwin. The list of 

 species is extracted from Table II. of Mr. Etheridge's elaborate 

 memoir in the 23rd volume of the Society's Journal *. The columns 

 headed " Europe " and " Carboniferous " are likewise extracted 

 from Mr. Etheridge's lists. These Tables have been used also in 

 compiling the other three columns, there being only two species in 

 column 5 which are not contained in his Tables ; and they are intro- 

 duced on the authority of Prof. PhiUips and Mr. Davidson. Eor 

 the rest I am indebted to the writings of Prof. Phillips and Messrs , 

 Godwin- Austen, Salter, and Davidson, and to some unpublished infor- 

 mation derived from the last two authorities through. Mr. Pengelly. 

 The 6th column includes all the localities named in Table I. (p. 432), 

 together with those of Walton, Rowdown, near Washburton, and 

 Yealmpton Creek ; but the list is very incomplete. The 7th co- 

 lumn is likewise very incomplete, but comprehends the calcareous 

 and fossiliferous rocks which range by Ashburton and I*^e'v\Tihara 

 Park to St. Germans and the Looe river, and thence on towards the 

 Fowey. It may be observed, however, that some of the Petherwin 

 fossils, collected many years ago, before the limits of the Culm-mea- 

 sures were clearly defined, may not really belong to the underlying 

 rocks. This is the case with Loxonema tumidum, Poterioceras 

 fusiforme, and perhaps Murchisonia angulata, as none of these spe- 

 cies, except the last, are known to occur elsewhere in Devonian 

 rocksf. 



* P. 616 et seq. Three species have been omitted, as Orthoceras ibex, Phill., 

 is the same as 0. Fhillipsii, D'Orb., and Athyris indentata, Sow., is the A. con- 

 centrica, V. Buch {vide Sow. in Trans. Geol. See. 2nd ser. vol. v. p. 784); A. decus- 

 sata, Sow., is likewise a synonym of A. concentrica, according to M'Coy and De 

 Koninck. (See Davidson, Mon. Palseont. Soc. : Brachiopoda, vol. iii. Part 6. No. 

 1. p. 17 ; consult also Phill. Pal. Foss. p. 70, and Morris, Cat. Brit. Foss. p. 130). 



t The lowermost beds of the Carbonaceous rocks on the south side of the 

 Culm trough are locally fossiliferous. They contain Goniatites, Orthoceratites, 

 and some other fossils, and, near Landlake and Chudleigh, Posidonomycp. 

 The fossils named above, as also Orthoceras striafiim, Sanguinolaria elliptica, 

 &c., mav have come from these lower beds. 



