518 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [Juiie 17, 



Brit. Mus. 

 33507. 



Basal circumference 3*8 in. 



Distance of brow-tyne (6) above base 1-9 



Length of beam between brow- (6) and bez- 



antler (c) 3-0 



Breadth of bez-antler (e) at base 0*8 



Length of beam between bez-antler (c) and 



third tyne (d) 5*5 



Breadth of third tyne (d) . 1*7 



Maximum length of the fragment 16*0 



Circumference of beam above brow-tyne 3*8 



4. Determination. — The characters presented by this antler are 

 of very high specific value. First as regards the tynes. The brow- 

 tyne is removed from the base, and in that respect drfiPers from 

 that of Cervus dama and Cervus Brownii. It is, moreover, situated 

 in a dijfferent plane from that of the second and third tynes, and is so 

 far closely akin to that of the Ereneh Pliocene Cervus tetraceros in 

 the British Museum. The second tyne (c) is much smaller, and situ- 

 ated much nearer the first than in the Fallow-deer or Cervus Broivnii', 

 while the third, which stroQgly resembles that of the latter species, 

 is further removed from the second, the relative positions of the 

 two on the beam being reversed. The beam is flattened as in C. 

 tetraceros, but not to so great a degree. The straightness of the beam 

 differentiates it from the three species with which it has been com- 

 pared, as well as from the Keindeer ; the smoothness, the absence of 

 deep wrinkles, and the size, differentiate it from C. tetraceros. In 

 fine, the antler presents a series of characters which are united in 

 no fossil animal that has yet been discovered. Its fiattened form 

 and the development of the third anterior tyne cause its nearest 

 fossil analogue to be the Cervus Brownii of Clactou, while among 

 the living Cervidae its nearest representative is the Fallow-deer. Its 

 position in point of time, with respect to these two species, adequately 

 represents its place in the zoological scale. It belongs to the class 

 of flat- an tiered deer represented by Cervus dama, with which it is 

 connected through the medium of Cervus Brownii. The small amount 

 of palmation exhibited by the antler of C. Falconeri is largely in- 

 creased in C. Brownii, and reaches a maximum in C. dama, 



DESCEIPTION OF PLATE XVIH. figs. 9-12. 



Fig. 9. Upper view of antler of Cervus Falconeri, Brit. Mus. 33507. 



10. Lower „ „ 



11. Posterior „ „ 



12. Base of „ „ Brit. Mus. 35857. 



