230 DR. H. WOODWARD ON A FOSSIL OCTOPUS [May 1 896, 



latter place in one day, with an allowance of two or three hours at 

 the locality. 



4 The rock at Hakel is somewhat harder than from Sahel-el-Alma, 

 very fissile, and can be readily trimmed with the hammer. 



' The section at Sahel-el-Alma is under the very walls of the old 

 Convent, which gives its name to the spot ; here, in a fig-orchard, 

 outcrops the stratum of white chalky limestone where so many 

 beautiful fossils have been obtained, and whence comes also the 

 Calais NewboldiV 



The following is a brief summary of the bibliography of this 

 classical locality : — 



The existence of fossil fishes in the Lebanon is referred to in 

 Joinville's ' Histoire de St. Louis ' — edited by M. Natalis de Wailly. 

 During the soj ourn of the king at Sidon in 1253, just before his 

 return home from the Crusades, a stone was brought him, says 

 Joinville, ' which was the most marvellous in the world, for when 

 a layer of it was lifted, there was found between the two pieces the 

 form of a fish. The fish was of stone, but lacked nothing in form, 

 eyes, bones, colour, or anything necessary to a living fish. The 

 king demanded a stone and found a tench within.' 



M. de Blainville described Clupea brevissima and Clupea Beaurardi, 

 from Hakel, in the Lebanon, in 1818. 



Mr. Chas. Koenig, 1820, in his ' Icones Fossilium sectiles/ figured 

 Ophiura libanotica and Euryale Bajeri, pi. ii. figs. 26 and 27, from 

 the Cretaceous of the Lebanon. 



Prof. L. Agassiz, in 1833-43 (' Poissons fossiles '), described two 

 species of Clupea from Hakel, and a SpJiyrcena and JRhinellus from 

 Sahel-el-Alma. 



Sir Philip Egerton added an account of Cyclobatis from Hakel 

 (Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. i. p. 225) in 1845. 



Prof. Haeckel described two species of Pycnosterincc from Sahel- 

 el-Alma, and a new species of Clupea from Hakel, in 1849. 



Mr. 0. G. Costa described Imogaster, Omosoma, and Beryx in 1855. 



In 1866 MM. Pictet and Humbert (' Nouvelles Pecherches sur les 

 Poissons fossiles du Mont Liban ') described 2Q species of fishes from 

 Sahel-el-Alma and 21 from Hakel. 



(Leptosomus macrurus, described by Pictet and Humbert, Upper 

 Cretaceous, Sahel-el-Alma, Mount Lebanon, is one of the fishes asso- 

 ciated on the same slab with Calais Newboldi, the subject of this 

 paper.) 



Dr. Louis Lartet, in his fine memoir, * Exploration geologique de 

 la Mer Morte, de la Palestine et de l'ldumee ' (1877), recorded, at 

 p. 112, Class Cephalopoda. 1. Octopoda, ' Calais Newbold'ni? 

 Sow. Empreinte de Cephalopode dans les Calcaires a Poissons du 

 Liban (Collection de la Socie'te geologique de Londres).' 



Lartet also mentions the remains of cephalopods of the family 

 Sepiadae from the same Cretaceous Limestone of the Lebanon (pre- 

 served in the Paris Museum). 



1 (The t in the specific name should he omitted.) ' Cette empreinte curieuse, 

 tres-bien conservee, a ete recueillie par M. Newbold^.' 



