744 PEOF. T. G. BONNET ON SPECIMENS COLLECTED BY [NOV. 1 896, 



(iv) JNovaya Zemlya. 



(18 — Vicinity of Rogatcheva Bay, July 17th, 1895.) A very fine- 

 grained, rather felspathic sandstone, of an olive-grey colour, some- 

 what carbonaceous and containing plant-remains, very like those 

 specimens from Kolguev Island described in a former paper (anted, 

 p. 61). The powder shows quartz, angular chips of felspar (no 

 evidence as to species), two or three flakes of mica (white and 

 brown), and a grain of tourmaline, 



Mr. A. C. Seward, M.A., F.Gr.S., who examined similar rock- 

 specimens from Kolguev Island, has kindly furnished a note on this 

 one. He states that ' the broader fragment (of a plant) may be a 

 fern-rachis, but any trustworthy determination is impossible. The 

 smaller needle-like fragments suggest either Pinus-\ea.ves or, per- 

 haps more probably, leaves of CzekanowsJciana, a fairly common 

 Jurassic genus. Heer and others have described various species of 

 the latter from Arctic plant-beds. The appearance of the rock and 

 the fossils reminds me somewhat of specimens from Spitsbergen and 

 Greenland which I recently saw in the Stockholm Museum, but my 

 recollection of them is much too imperfect to be cited as evidence. 

 On the whole, however, a Jurassic age seems to me the most 

 probable.' 



(9 — Basement-rock, Kostin Schar, July 17th.) A rather hard, very 

 fine-grained sandstone, exhibiting well-marked current-bedding. 

 The powder shows quartz, felspar, two kinds of mica, one grain 

 which is probably tourmaline, and two zircons, slightly smoke- 

 coloured. 



(7 — -Kostin Schar, July 17th.) A dark greenish-coloured rock, the 

 surfaces of which, though weather-stained, in places suggest a 

 clastic structure. Examination of a slice shows the rock to consist 

 of fragments, the interspaces being filled up by a carbonate (often 

 calcite, possibly sometimes dolomitic). This is occasionally spotted 

 with small flecks which polarize with varying intensity, and pro- 

 bably represent dust from the larger fragments. These fragments 

 are both rocks and separate minerals. Of the former the majority 

 result from the hydration of a basic glass, and the material may be 

 now designated ' palagonite.' One of them exhibits a series of parallel 

 wavy lines, like a fluxion-structure, sometimes (but not always) 

 parallel with the exterior. The bands are composed of a minute 

 green fibrous or platy mineral, the orientation of which is not 

 always uniform. Its pleochroism is weak, its double refraction is 

 feeble, and its extinction is oblique, but at a rather small angle ; 

 the mineral may be clinochlore. It also occupies what appear to 

 have been small cavities in the rock. Embedded in the mass are 

 small crystalline grains, often clustered, of a very pale brownish- 

 buff mineral, with a rather granular surface, fairly high refrac- 

 tion, but not rich polarization-tints ; their general aspect suggests 

 a ferrous carbonate. One small fragment (with a few cavities) is 

 full of minute lath-like felspars (the extinction-angle agreeing best 

 with that of oligoclase), and resembles an andesite; another one is 



