Yol. 52.] ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS OP THE PRESIDENT. lxvii 



subjects are dealt with as the Evolution of the CrocodiKa, the Classi- 

 fication of Birds, the Dinosauria, Fossil Fishes, Glyptodon, the 

 Affinity between Reptiles and Birds, Ceratodus, the Cranial and 

 Dental Structure of the Canidae, Reproduction and Morphology of 

 Aphis, the Development of Pyrosoma. These few from among the 

 titles of many memoirs will suffice to show that Huxley's special 

 researches deal with the history and structure of animals of many 

 types, and that by themselves they would justify the verdict of 

 Ernst Haeckel that Huxley was the first zoologist among his 

 countrymen. In this connexion may be mentioned his ' Manual of 

 the Invertebrata,' his ' Lessons in Elementary Physiology,' and 

 o-ther text-books. 'When we consider the long series of distin- 

 guished memoirs with which,' to quote Haeckel, ' Prof. Huxley 

 has enriched zoological literature, we find that in each of the 

 larger divisions of the animal kingdom we are indebted to him 



for important discoveries More important than any of the 



individual discoveries which are contained in Huxley's numerous 

 less and greater researches on the most widely different animals, 

 •are the profound and truly philosophical conceptions which have 

 guided him in his enquiries, have always enabled him to distinguish 

 the essential from the unessential, and to value special empirical 

 facts chiefly as a means of arriving at general ideas.' 



Huxley had a power of popular exposition almost unequalled. 

 He could make plain, even to an ordinary working-man audience, 

 the bearings of the most recondite researches of the zoologist and 

 botanist ; witness his famous Norwich lecture ' On a Piece of 

 Chalk,' and the memorable sermon which he gave on a Sunday 

 evening a quarter of a century ago in the midst of shocked 

 Edinburgh. But it is not only to the ordinary intelligent reader 

 that his numerous lectures, addresses, and magazine articles appeal. 

 It is to these in their collected form that the special enquirer must 

 go to find the broad results of Huxley's arduous scientific investi- 

 gations. It was his duty when first he assumed his post in the 

 School of Mines to give a course of lectures every alternate year to 

 working men ; and it was through this channel that he first 

 made known his remarkable discussion on ' Man's Place in Nature.' 

 This was one of the earliest and one of the most striking results of 

 the publication of the Darwinian theory, for it was given to the 

 world some ten years before the issue of Darwin's ; Descent of 

 Man.' Even by those who maintain that influences have been at 

 work in the development of Man, additional to those which have 



