Vol. 52.] ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS OF THE PRESIDENT. CV; 



probably all of them burrowing species, using their long arms to 

 assist them in the process. 



GLfPHiEiD^;. — This family is represented by the genus Pempliicc, 

 and appears first in the Muschelkalk of Crailsheim, Germany. 

 It approaches somewhat the modern Palinurus in character : 

 Desmarest, who first described it, in 1822, placing it in that genus. 

 It has a strongly-marked warty carapace, large outer antennae, and 

 the first pair of thoracic legs are monodactj'lous. A number of 

 small carapaces referred to Palczopempliix by Prof. Gemmellaro, 

 of Palermo, have been figured and described by him from the 

 Fusulina-JAme&tonQ of Sicily as P. sosiensis, P. affinis, and P. Meyeri ; 

 but no appendages have been found with these carapaces. 



Many forms, referred to the genera Glyphcea and Pseudocjlyphoea, 

 with the regions of the cephalothorax strongly accentuated, and 

 having monodactylous thoracic feet, occur in the Jurassic rocks of 

 this country and of Solenhofen, while species of Glyphcea and 

 Meyeria occur in the Greensand and Chalk of England and Bohemia. 

 Astacidea. — As several of the characters attributed to this tribe 

 are certainly applicable to some, if not to all, the small forms 

 referred to Anthrapalcemon in the Carboniferous Period, we are 

 probably justified in considering this as the more generalized 

 ancestor of all the Astacidea. 



No fewer than 39 species of the genus Eryma occur from the 

 Middle Lias to the Lithographic Stone ( = Kimmeridgian), while 

 Astacus, Pseudastacus, Hoploparia, Enoploclytia, Palceastacm, and 

 other allied genera carry us through the Cretaceous and Tertiary 

 series up to the recent Nephrops and Homarus, representing the 

 marine branch, and to the Potamobiidae and Parastacidae, the 

 former embracing all the freshwater forms of Crayfish in the 

 Northern, and the latter all those in the Southern Hemisphere. 

 In the Jurassic we also have : — 



Eryma Villersii, Oxfordian, Calvados. 

 In the Cretaceous we have also : — 



Pseudastacus hakelensis, 0. Praas. 



„ minor, 0. Fraas. 



Nymphaops coesfeldiensis, Schliit., Chalk, Westphalia. 

 Cambarus primcevus, Packard, Lower Tertiary, Wyoming. 

 Astacus politus of Schliiter, Chalk, Westphalia. 

 Homarue Bosquetii, Cretaceous, Maestricht. 

 „ Percyi, Kupelmonde, Brabant. 

 „ Brtdai, Pels , Cretaceous, Maestricht. 



