HARTMAN: ARCHEOLOGICAL RESEARCHES ON THE PACIFIC COAST OF COSTA RICA 49 
XXXIV., Figs. 1-8). The eyes and mouth are represented by the openings. Base 
nearly straight. Height 11.4 cm., breadth 14.3 cm. (Cat. No. 223%.) 
(f) (PL XXII, Fig. 5.) Grinding-stone with two knobs on the top for 
strengthening the grasp of the hands, base nearly straight. Some similar form, 
which for carrying or suspension was perforated at the center, afterwards presum- 
ably served as a prototype for the stirrup-shaped form. Height 8.5 em., length 
IE=Ducaeen (© atwNiOssss)) 
The stirrup-shaped grinding-stone has not been found in any other state of Cen- 
tral America, but it occurs in Mexico. In Dr. Hermann Strebel’s work, “ Alt- 
) 
Mexico,” there are figured two specimens from the state of Vera Cruz. Both 
specimens are described as mullers, one of them having been found in the Misantla 
region, and probably the other also. (Compare “ Alt-Mexico,” Vol. II, Pl. VIII, 
Figs. 54, 55.) According to information given me by the German archeological 
explorer, Dr. Wilhelm Bauer of the city of Mexico, similarly shaped implements 
are met with, although sparingly, in the valley of Mexico. 
Passing northward no stone implement of this shape is met with before the 
northwestern coast of British Columbia and Alaska is reached. In an article in the 
‘American Anthropologist”” Harlan I. Smith” figures and describes three stone 
implements of forms in the main resembling those of southern origin mentioned 
above. “These implements or hammers,’ writes Smith, ““seem to have been used 
for rubbing as well as for pounding.” 
On the South American continent this kind of rubbing-stone never seems to have 
been encountered. 
On the island of Kauai in Hawaii the natives made use of poi-pounders, imple- 
ments having the shape of rings or stirrups, resembling the American forms, but 
not used for rubbing purposes. (Compare Figure 6! in “ Handbook to the Bernice 
Pauahi Bishop Museum in Honolulu” by Dr. William T. Brigham.) 
(b) Celts. 
Celts are very numerous at Las Guacas, having been encountered in thousands, 
although only a comparatively small portion of those found were preserved. ‘The 
commonest celts, which are most typical of this burial-ground, are unusually long 
and thick in comparison with those usually found in Central America, the average 
length being between twelve and eighteen centimeters, and the width from four to 
seven centimeters. However, a number of smaller specimens also occur. In shape 
2S8mith, Harlan I., ‘‘Stone Hammers or Pestles of the North West Coast of America,’’ American Anthropologist (N. 
S.), Vol. I., April, 1899, pp. 363-369. 
