CADUCIBRANCHIATA. 99 



thirds the length, and then curved so as to enclose an 

 oval or circular space. 

 Length 6.3 inches. 

 Tail 3.15 " 



Habitat Corsica, Sardinia, and Algeria. 



Found in damp places. 



3. Salamandra atra, Laurenti. (5) 



THE BLACK SALAMANDER. 



Synonyms, Lacerta Salamandra, Gmelin; Salaman- 

 dra nera, Bonaparte ; Salamandra nigra, Gray. 



Color uniform black ; head depressed ; interval be- 

 tween the parotids nearly cruciform; gular fold well 

 marked ; costal furrows distinct ; lateral pores present ; 

 tail annulate, tapering, compressed, but not carinate. 

 Length 4 4-5 inches. Head to axilla .8 inch. 



Tail 2 2-5 " Diameter of body .5 " 



Habitat Mountains of Southern Europe near the snow 

 line. 



Reproduction viviparous. The mother brings forth 

 two young, and can expel them upon the land instead of 

 in the water, 



