12 DE. H. HICKS ON SOME 



Fig. 10. — Section 1 in Cae Gwyn Gave. 



Explanation of figs. 10-15. 



1 . Eeddish loam disturbed by burrowing animals and containing a few bones of 



recent animals. 



2. Laminated clay containing, in places, thin ferruginous and stalagmitic 



bands. 



3. Sandy clay with pebbles, containing bones {Pleistocene) and, in one place, a 



flint scraper (fig. 9), also large fragments of stalactites and of stalagmite. 



4. Gravel consisting mainly of local materials. 



by burrowing animals, but at other points it formed a compact 

 band of over a foot in thickness. Under this was found the sandy 

 clay with boulders (3), which contained here and throughout the 

 cavern the Pleistocene remains. A varying thickness of a gravelly 

 material (4) was found underlying the deposit 3, but this in some 

 places in this part of the cavern was almost entirely absent. In 

 the narrower parts of the cavern, between sect. 1 and chamber C, 

 there were many large masses of limestone, and these had to be 

 blasted before they could be removed. Yery large masses also 

 extended some distance into the chamber. These, I supposed last 

 year, might possibly have formed part of the floor, but on blasting 

 they were all found to be loose blocks with gravelly material under 

 them. The section in this chamber showed, 1, a fine red loam from 

 1 to 2 feet in thickness, burrowed by rabbits and containing a 

 few recent bones ; 2, a band of laminated clay from 6 to 8 inches 

 in thickness, containing ferruginous and stalagmitic layers ; 3, a 

 reddish clayey earth in some parts sandy, and with pebbles of 

 felsite, granite, gneiss, quartz, quartzites, sandstones, and of local 

 rocks. Angular fragments of stalagmite were also found in this 

 deposit. The animal remains in it belonged to Lion, Hyaena, Bear, 

 Eed Deer, Reindeer, Horse, and Ehinoceros. The largest number 

 of the remains obtained from this cavern were found in this chamber ; 

 but they did not occur here in horizontal layers, but in inclined and 

 evidently disturbed positions. It is perfectly clear that they had 

 not been disturbed by man but by water-action, and probably at 

 different times, as bones containing clean sand in their hollows had 

 been encased afterwards in a clayey deposit. The conditions so 

 clearly seen in this chamber prevailed throughout the whole of the 

 cavern, and the evidences of water-action were recognizable at all 

 points. The order in which the deposits occurred here was also 

 maintained in all parts examined, but occasionally it was some- 



