BONE-CAVES IN NORTH WALES. 



9 



Fig. 6. — Flint Lance-liead from 



Ffynnon Beuno Cave. 

 duced one third.) 



Be- 



like those to he seen at this horizon in the valley at x^resent, were 

 forced in through the mouth of 

 the cavern to be mixed up with 

 the cave-earth and bones. The 

 floor of this tunnel is several feet 

 higher ihan that of the main cavern 

 D, and the deposits in it, from 

 the floor to the roof, consisted more 

 or less of similar materials (see 

 fig. 7, sect. 3). In some places 

 they were almost entirely sands 

 or sandy gravels, but as the ex- 

 cavations extended towards the 

 opening B, they became more 

 clayey. Bones were found in great 

 abundance, manj^ of large size 

 being in contact with the roof, and 

 others forced into small fissures. 

 This tunnel with the communi- 

 cating channel to B is over 50 

 feet m length, but only some 30 

 feet of it contained Pleistocene 

 remains. Between that part and 

 the opening B, the tunnel dimi- 

 nishes much in size, being little 

 more than an irregular fissure-like 

 communication. A reddish loam 

 nearly filled this, and some bones of 

 recent animals occurred in it near 

 the opening B. The true tunnel 

 may be said to terminate at the 

 point where the Pleistocene remains 

 disappeared, and the opening from 

 there onwards is at a higher level. 



A. Upper view, 



B. Side view. 



The bones in this cavern had 



Fig. 7. — Section 3, of West Tunnel, Ffynnon Beuno Cave. 



Filled witli sand and clay with pebbles, containing bones (Pleistocene) in great 

 abundance throughout. Not disturbed by man. 



been freely gnawed, being in the condition generally of those which 

 have been conveyed into dens by beasts of prey. Coprolites of 

 Hyaenas were also found, though not in great abundance. Most of 



