DR. H. HICKS ON SOME 



Fig. 5. — Section 4 in Ffynnon 

 Beuno Cave. 



found in this chamber appear to have been disturbed and as if they had 

 been thrown into it from some other part of the cavern. On removing 

 the surface- soil which had fallen in through the opening (fig. 4) 

 and some large masses of limestone, many bones were found in the 

 underlying disturbed material, and also a few broken flint imple- 

 ments. In the line of the fissure there was a thickness, in some 

 places of over 6 feet, of this disturbed earth containing bones lying 



above the undisturbed portion, the 

 division between the disturbed 

 and the undisturbed earth in one 

 place being still indicated by a 

 portion of an unbroken stalagmite 

 floor. Under this floor (see fig. 5, 

 sect. 4) the bones occurred in a 

 cave-earth like that in chamber D, 

 and here, in close proximity to a 

 Mammoth tooth, a well-worked 

 nearly perfect flint implement was 

 discovered (fig. 6). A commu- 

 nicating tunnel was found to con- 

 nect this part of the fissure cavern 

 with the main cavern; its direction 

 is indicated by the dotted line in 

 fig. 2. The roof of this tunnel 

 had for a considerable distance 

 been broken through, but the con- 

 tents seemed to have been left 

 undisturbed by man. The mate- 

 rials here were not exactly in the 

 condition of the deposits shown 

 in fig. 3, and they must have in 

 parts been reasserted by water- 

 action, as a considerable amount 

 of a sandy material and some 

 clay with boulders occurred dis- 

 tributed throughout. This tunnel, where it branched off from 

 the cavern, was completely filled up, and bones were very plenti- 

 ful in it, except in the lowest deposit, which was found to be 

 similar to that at the same level in the main cavern. Adjoining 

 the entrance to this tunnel another branch-tunnel was discovered 

 which was completely hidden under the surface-loam, &c. This 

 tunnel proved to be the most productive in remains, and it was 

 probably the most important of the tunnels examined. It is per- 

 fectly certain that it had never been disturbed by man since the 

 deposits were accumulated in it, and the evidence obtained seems to 

 point unmistakably to the conclusion that the bones, which occurred 

 plentifully in it from the base to the roof, must have been carried 

 into it from some other part of the cavern by water-action ; or that 

 a reassortment of the materials previously in the tunnel had taken 

 place by water-action, and at the same time that sands and gravels 



1. Surface-soil, &c. 



2.^Sandy loam, with blocks of 

 limestone, &c. containing 

 bones. Disturbed by man 



3. Stalagmite. 



4. Cave-earth, with bones and 



flint implements, not dis- 

 turbed 



6 



3 



