b DE. H. HICKS ON SOME 



myself in the summer of 1883, when a few fragments of bones belong- 

 ing to the Mammoth and Ehinoceros were found in some cave-earth 

 underlying a stalagmitic breccia. Before this no attempt at exploring 

 the cavern had been made. Much material, however, had probably 

 at different times been removed from the outer portions of this cavern 

 during some mining-operations, and also in order to make it suitable 

 as a sheltering-place for cattle. A considerable heap of rubbish, 

 thrown out at these times on the hill side, still remains, but as yet 

 has not been examined. In our explorations this year we worked 

 inwards from the entrance, removing first the surface soil and after- 

 wards the rather loose stalagmitic breccia and the bone-earth. The 

 underlying material, which will be again referred to, was left in 

 the cavern after testing it at different parts. The section (fig. 3) 



Pig. 3. — Section 2 in Ffynnon Beuno Cave. 

 (Scale, 5 feet to 1 inch.) 



1 



2 



ft. in. 



1. Surface-soil, &c 1 



2. Stalagmitic breccia, with charcoal, &c » 6 



3. Eeddish cave-earth, with bones {Pleistocene) and flint 



implements, not disturbed 2 



4. Gravel, consisting mainly of local materials, with an- 



gular blocks of limestone below 2 



represents the conditions found at a distance of about 20 feet from 

 the entrance, and fairly explains the order and thickness of the 

 materials between this and the entrance. There was an open space 

 averaging from 5 to 7 feet up to this point. The surface loam (1), 

 about one foot in thickness, contained a 'few bones of sheep, the 

 domestic fowl, &c., but no implements or other evidences of early 

 human occupation. The whole was probably accumulated in very 

 recent times. Immediately under this, we found on the west side 

 of the cavern at distances of from 20 to 24 feet from the entran ce, 

 a considerable amount of charcoal, but no implements or other 

 evidences with it to give an idea of its age. It may be Neo- 



