350 on a rossilifeeotts pebble-band in the eastern salt eange. 



Discussion. 



Dr. Duncan said that the geology of the Salt Range was still 

 subject to differences of opinion. The Eange had been admirably 

 surveyed by Mr. Wynne, but it did not appear that the succession of 

 the strata and the conditions under which they had accumulated 

 were consonant with the valuable results of the palaeontology as 

 described by Dr. Waagen. The Tertiaries, including the Nummulitic, 

 overlay the Olive group, and this had been proved in Sind to be of 

 Palseocene age and not Cretaceous. Was the Glacial bed at the 

 base of this ? or was it amongst the Productus-zone strata ? or were 

 there two glacial beds ? These were questions which he did not 

 consider could be satisfactorily answered by those who had paid 

 attention to the late communications. The Conularice appeared to 

 be the same as those of Australia ; and Waagen's evidence as to the 

 age of this as of the other stages of the Carboniferous, Permian, 

 and Triassic groups was indisputable. He considered that the 

 fracture proved that the Gonularice were in concretions. 



Mr. Blanfokd said he believed that Ammonites had been found in 

 the Olive group, but the evidence was unpublished. He observed 

 that one important distinction had been overlooked by Mr. Wynne. 

 No one questioned that conglomerates containing pebbles of crys- 

 talline rocks occurred at different horizons in the Salt Range from 

 Palaeozoic to Tertiary. What was urged by Dr. Waagen was, 

 that certain boulder-beds, occurring in three localities, very different 

 in character from ordinary conglomerates, and containing large 

 boulders, sometimes striated and imbedded in a fine matrix, were 

 contemporaneous. The resemblance of these particular beds to each 

 other had been pointed out by Mr. Wynne himself in his published 

 papers. 



The question as to whether the Gonularice occurred in derived 

 pebbles or not required further examination on the spot : but if 

 they were derived from beds of the age of the Magnesian Sandstone, 

 the boulder-bed containing them might be contemporaneous with 

 the Speckled Sandstone, as Dr. Waagen contended. 



The speaker took exception to some other points raised in the 

 paper, such as the remarks upon the temperature of the Carboni- 

 ferous seas and the correlation of the Cretaceous beds east and west 

 of the Indus, but pointed out that one crucial test of Mr. Wynne's 

 views was whether the boulder-bed of the Olive group in the eastern 

 Salt Range could be traced to the westward, where that group 

 rested on the Productus-\\me^toj\e. That it could be so traced was 

 indicated in Mr. Wynne's diagram ; but no section was quoted in 

 his paper, and the published section at p. 190 of the Salt-Range 

 Report was opposed to that view. 



Prof. Seeley asked whether glaciated boulders were admitted by 

 Mr. Wynne. The evidence of the explorer who surveyed the ground 

 was always most important, and the physical questions ranked above 

 the palaeontological in value. 



The PRESIDENT said that further evidence was required before 

 the age of the band containing the Conularice could be considered 

 definitely settled. 



