FKOM THE EED CRAG. 



365 



the type pm^3 of H. antiqua with that of H. striata are not greater 

 than the diiferences occurring in the corresponding teeth of different 

 individuals of //. crocuta ; and it may be observed that since Hippo- 

 ■potamus ampliihius occurs in the Upper Pliocene of the Yal d'Arno, 

 there is no inherent improbability in the Hyaena of the same beds 

 being likewise identical with an existing species. 



Fig. 1. 



A ^ B 



Hyeena striata (arvernensis). 



The right upper carnassial, from the outer (A) and oral (B) aspects 

 from the Red Crag at Trimley St. Mary. Natural size. 



Mastodon. — With the exception of those of M. arvernensis, most 

 of the molars of Mastodon from the Red Crag are so imperfect and 

 so much rolled that their specific determination is frequently a 

 matter of much difficulty : and when to this is added the confusion 

 that formerly existed between the teeth of M. Borsoni and M. turi- 

 censis, it is not to be wondered at that some doubt has existed in 

 regard to the species occurring in the Crag. The specimens I have had 

 the opportunity of seeing indicate that in addition to M. arvernensis, 

 both M. longirostris and M. Borsoni are represented in the Crag 

 fauna. I may first call attention to two very beautiful examples of 

 the penultimate upper milk-molars of M. arvernensis in the Ipswich 

 Collection, which have not been rolled, and therefore exhibit very 

 clearly all the characteristic features of the teeth of that species. 

 The evidence for the presence of M. lomjirostris, Kaup, is afforded 

 by several fragments of molars in the British ]SIuseum *, and by 

 the greater part of a second or third upper true molar t figured by 

 Lankester in vol. xxvi. pi. xxxiv. figs. 1, 2, of the Society's ' Journal," 

 and regarded by him as the complete tooth of a trilophodont species. 

 The examination of the cast of the latter shows, however, without 

 doubt, that it has lost one or more posterior ridges, and that, as 

 suggested by Lartet J, it really belongs to M. longirostris, the form 

 of the anterior talon and the separation of the inner and outer 



* These and the preceding specimens will be noticed in part iv. of the 

 ' British jMuseum Catalogue of Fossil Mammalia.' 



+ Cast in Brit. Mus. + See Lankester, op. cit. p. 508. 



