SUCCESSION IN THE TKENT BASIN. 465 



of stratification being seen only in the lower portions of the sections, 

 which are scarce. 



West of Chellaston the most typical deposit of Chalky Gravel rests 

 upon the outlier of Chalky Clay at Hanbury. In this section the 

 gravel is intensely chalky and contains numerous flints and other 

 eastern rocks. Here and there the gravel is cemented into hard 

 masses similar to those met with at Sibbertoft and to the south of 

 Grantham ; it is banked against the Chalky Clay and what is 

 probably the Quartzose Sand. 



In most of these easterly sections the gravel has been greatly 

 disturbed, especially where there is open country to the east or 

 north-east. Though a considerable amount of this disturbance has 

 evidently been due to more modern glaciers, in some instances the evi- 

 dence points to contemporaneous ice-action in the form of bergs and 

 glaciers. The more westerly sections, especially those facing the 

 western sea, though disturbed or even covered by later Boulder-clay, 

 have evidently been formed in open water, and contain the remains 

 of numerous species of MoUusca. 



South and west of Uttoxeter sections of gravel are exposed at 

 Bramshall, Crabtree House, Bagots Wood, Bagots Bromley, &c. 



In the neighbourhood of Abbots Bromley a considerable sheet of 

 stratified sand and gravel with flints rests upon silty clay. In this 

 respect it closely resembles the Market Bosworth deposit. Several 

 sections may be seen north and Avest of the town. 



jN'orth of Stone, in a brick-yard, there is an interesting face of 

 Chalky Gravel, about six feet deep. It rests upon Keuper marl. 

 The sand is a well-stratified clean deposit with beds of gravel 

 containing flint. 



The most north-westerly point at which I have seen the Chalkv 

 Gravel is in theBiddulph Pass leading from the Trent basin into the 

 Cheshire plain. So far, no contemporaneous moUuscan remains have 

 been noticed, but no sooner is the western watershed reached than 

 they are to be found in great plenty both in the passes and on the 

 western or Atlantic side. 



At Biddulph, near the station, at the summit of the pass, is a deep 

 section. The sand is tolerably free from pebbles. The oblique 

 bedding points to currents from the south-south-east, south-west, 

 or even from other directions. Plints are by no means scarce, 

 considering the scarcity of pebbles of any kind. If anything, they 

 are more numerous in the upper than in the lower portion of the 

 section. The sand is light in tint and contains dark seams of 

 decomposed coal. Carboniferous rocks furnish the majority of the 

 pebbles other than quartz, quartzite, and flint. In some of the 

 gravelly beds shell-fragments are not uncommon. Prom here the 

 sand extends down the pass until it joins the main sheet in the 

 Cheshire plain. Good sections are to be seen in Wragg Street 

 Congleton, and also in the brick-yard near the canal. 



Along the western side of the watershed, between Silverdale and 

 Congleton, many good exposures are to be seen. One of the largest 

 is just west of Alsager Station. It is worked to a depth of at least 



