470 ME. E. M. DEELEY ON THE PLEISTOCElSrE 



the valley of the Dove) occupy very considerable areas both in the 

 Trent, Derwent, and Soar valleys. These lower terraces of Inter- 

 glacial River-gravel, or the gravelly moraine of the Later Pennine 

 Boulder-clay stage which has been formed on them, overlook the 

 postglacial deposits of the Trent and other valleys by a tolerably 

 steep escarpment, from 20 to 30 feet high (shown in fig. 3). 



South of Burton-on-Trent, between Wichnor and Barton-under- 

 Needwood, a terrace about 50 feet above the alluvial plain of the 

 Trent is covered by highly contorted gravel. At Wichnor a section 

 shows 7 feet of gravel, with red sandy seams resting upon and 

 contorted into Keuper marl. In some parts of the pit large tongues 

 of marl rise in the gravel to a height of 6 feet at least, or are even 

 torn up and mixed with the gravel. The contortions are evidently 

 due to the forcible propulsion of the gravel over the marl. Plints are 

 tolerably numerous. Similar sections may be seen at Barton Green. 



A large crescent-shaped terrace of gravel about half a mile broad 

 stretches from Willington to Stenson Lock. The only section is a 

 shallow one to the south-east of the " Dog Inn." 



Prom Willington the escarpment of this terrace runs in an almost 

 unbroken line along the north side of the Trent valley, past 

 Swarkestone, Weston, Aston, and then up the valley of the Derwent 

 past Elvaston, Alvaston, and Osmaston, to Derby. 



Between Weston and Aston a still lower patch of gravel than 

 the two higher ones I have previously noticed borders the edge of 

 the escarpment shown in fig. 4 ; but there is no good exposure. 



By far the largest outspread of Interglacial Biver-gravel stretches 

 along the south-west side of the Derwent valley, south of Derby. 

 Sections are scarce, but in some excavations on the London Bead, 

 near the Derby Infirmary, the gravel was met with after passing 

 through seven or eight feet of pebbly morainic clay. The gravel 

 was much disturbed. 



Near Alvaston church a gravel-pit on the edge of the escarpment 

 shows a rather poor section of reddish gravel with an occasional bed 

 of sand. The pebbles are quartz and quartzite, fiint and chert. 



On the north-east side of the valley of the Derwent gravel of 

 similar age and appearance also spreads out in extensive terraces. 



A small patch occurs near Borrowash station. Here the railway- 

 cutting has been excavated through the feather edge of the gravel 

 capping the escarpment. Not far from the station an exposure may 

 be seen in a gravel-pit on the roadside. 



A much larger patch of Interglacial Eiver-gravel extends, with a 

 breadth exceeding half a mile, from Draycott past Breaston to 

 within half a mile of Long Eaton. On the river-side it is bounded 

 by a steep continuous escarpment of considerable height. Only one 

 rather poor exposure of the gravel is to be seen in a pit to the east 

 of Breaston. 



Between Trent and Nottingham the only patch of this gravel 

 which has escaped destruction by postglacial erosion lies on the hill- 

 side at Beeston. Several good sections may be seen. The deposit 

 has been well described by Mr. Shipman in a paper read before the 



