86 J'ROCEEDINGS OK THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



metamorphic schists of the Lizard district, a very brief recapitulation 

 of my conclusions will suffice. The series can be subdivided into 

 three groups, to which I have given, for purposes of reference, the 

 epithets micaceous, hornblendic, and granulitic. In the first and 

 lowest, consisting mainly of chloritic, hornblendic, and mica-schists, 

 distinctly green schists predominate ; in the second, which vary from 

 well-banded schists to almost uniform and rather massive rocks, 

 black hornblende is the most conspicuous mineral ; the third is cha- 

 racterized by the presence of a quartz-felspar gneiss, with but little 

 mica or hornblende, interbanded with more micaceous or hornblendic 

 layers. The dip is not usually high, more commonly below than 

 above 45°, and the dominant orientation of the minerals is with the 

 apparent bedding-planes. In the lowest series bedding is indicated 

 by distinct mineral changes visible to the eye in the field and fully 

 confirmed by microscopic examination. In the upper series there is 

 just the same rapid alternation of bands widely differing in mineral 

 character that I have described in the melanite-schist series of Yal 

 Piora. Hence if we were to give up the false bedding which I have 

 described in the middle group (though, after careful reconsideration, 

 I feel it very difficult to explain this as the result of mechanical move- 

 ments), and were to assume the whole group to be a mass of crushed 

 dolerites affected by mineral changes (which a part may very well 

 be), still there is, above and below this, evidence of stratification. 

 Further, even if we reduce the apparent bedding throughout to 

 gliding planes, and suppose the whole series to be some extraordinary 

 complication of mashed-up igneous and sedimentary rocks (which I 

 regard as most improbable), there can, even then, be no question 

 that this rolling out, this metamorphism of the most exaggerated kind, 

 is anterior to the intrusion of the peridotite (now serpentine), the 

 gabbro, and the granite, from which all signs of crushing (save 

 some local disturbance near a fault) are absent. Yet more, in the 

 conglomerates of JN^are Point, now thought to be of Ordovician age, 

 hornblende-schist, like that of the neighbouring crystalline massif, is 

 found together with a granitoid gneiss ; and little bits of micaceous 

 schist abound in the conglomerates of the Meneage district, together 

 with fragments of hypometamorphic rock. Thus the schist series of 

 the Lizard must be vastly older than the supposed Ordovician rocks 

 against which it is faulted, and so, in accordance with the ordinary 

 laws of reasoning, may be classed as Archaean. 



I may pass yet more briefly over the South-Devon rocks. In the 

 associations of the mica-schist and chloritic schist which I have 

 described we have indubitable evidence of bedding, and to this the 

 earlier foliation has a general parallelism. But a secondary structure, 

 a cleavage -foliation, has been in many cases impressed upon the 

 rock-masses, and this, as I have pointed out, is due to the same set 

 of earth-movements as have produced the foldings and cleavages of 

 the adjacent Palaeozoic strata, and these, in some cases, have given 

 rise to very remarkable structures. The schists and the Palaeozoic 

 series are brought together by a fault. They evidently differ widely 

 in age ; but as the latter are probably rather newer than the Cornish 



