Vol. 62.] BRACHIOPOD HOMCEOMOHPHT. 433 



18. Brachiopod Homgeomoepht : Pygope, Anttnomia, Pfgites. 

 By S. S. Buckman, E.G.S. (Read March 21st, 1906.) 



[Plate XLL] 



To be able to arrange, in the Geological Department of the British 

 Museum (Natural History), the species known as Terebratula 

 diphya and T. diphyoides, with their allies, it was necessary to 

 ascertain the generic and specific names which such shells should 

 bear. The following remarks are partly the results of such enquiries, 

 partly of investigations carried on at other times in connexion with 

 other collections. The work has led to finding certain overlooked 

 specific designations, while there seem to be disclosed not only 

 notable cases of homceomorphy, but an interesting course of 

 Brachiopod evolution. 



To deal with the specific synonymy : — The name diphya, Colonna, 

 is pre-Linnean, and therefore cannot remain. The first post- 

 Linnean designation for some of the shells in question is given by 

 Bruguiere in 1792 [3]. 1 -He named and figured a non-perforate 

 shell Terebratula pileus (p. 424), and a perforate one T. cor (p. 425). 2 

 These figures, with others of Terebratidce were reproduced in the 

 ' Encyclopedic Methodique ' [4], being drawn under Bruguiere's 

 direction, as he states in the ' Journal d'Histoire Naturelle ' p. 419. 

 They were published in 1797 [33], without any names, and were 

 accompanied by figures of another perforate diphya-like fossil. 



In 1819, Valenciennes [36] wrote the articles on the Terebratula?, in 

 Lamarck's ' Animaux sans Vertebres' : he named the last-mentioned 

 fossil (Ency. Meth. pi. ccxl, fig. 4) Terebratula deltoidea ; to the 

 reproduced figures of Bruguiere's T. pileus (Ency. Meth. pi. ccxli, 

 fig. 1) he gave the name T. triangidus ; and the reproduced figures 

 of Bruguiere's T. cor he left without appellation. But Valenciennes 

 uses the term T. cor for another species, saying nothing about 

 Bruguiere's prior use of it. Valenciennes's T. cor has been identified 

 by Davidson as a Lias shell [13] ; but this use of the name must 

 drop. 



It is singular to find that in so few years Bruguiere's paper 

 in the ' Journal d'Histoire Naturelle ' had been apparently for- 

 gotten, his name T. pileus overlooked, and his name T. cor misused. 

 It is more remarkable to find that the paper has been overlooked ever 

 since. It is not mentioned by Suess [34], who wrote a treatise on 

 these species and gave an otherwise very full synonymy ; it is not 

 noticed by Pictet, who monographed the diphya-like forms ; aud its 

 title does not appear in Davidson & Dalton's Bibliography [16J. 



1 Numerals in square brackets throughout this paper refer to the Bibliography 

 on p. 451. 



2 The work in which these are figured was kindly brought to my notice by 

 Mr. B. B. Woodward, P.L.S., in connexion with an investigation into the first 

 post-Linnean use of the term Terebratula. I owe him my best thanks for this 

 and much other help. 



