484 THE KEV. E. HILL ON THE [Aug. I906, 



21. The Chalk and Deift in Moen. By the Eev. Edwin Hill, 

 M.A., F.G.S. (Head March 21st, 1906.) 



The volume for 1899 of the Quarterly Journal of the Geological 

 Society contained a paper by Prof. Bonney and myself on the 

 ' Relations of the Chalk & Drift in Moen and Riigen,' * in which 

 we expressed the opinion that the existing dislocations of the Chalk 

 had been produced before the advent of the Drift. 



In 1904, there appeared a second edition of ' Danmarks Geologi,' 

 by Prof. N. Y. Ussing. 2 This, on p. 89, mentions the phenomena 

 of Moen, and some of the explanations of them put forward. 

 Forchhammer, it says, assumed that they were results of plutonic 

 forces : Johnstrup considered them to be caused by the thrust of 

 the mighty inland ice-sheet which passed over Denmark : German 

 writers more recently have explained them as consequences of 

 widespread earth-movements, with or without ice-thrust. But 

 there is no allusion to the view taken in our paper ; therefore 

 I think that it may be useful to publish the results of further study 

 made by me in 1903, 1904, and 1905. 



The problem of Moen is to account for the position of some 

 isolated small portions of clay, seen here and there included in the 

 Chalk along a range of chalk-cliffs some 4 miles long. The beds 

 are much dislocated. Forchhammer, followed by Puggaard and 

 Lyell, regarded the disturbances as subsequent to the Glacial 

 deposits, and the Drift-inclusions as portions engulfed. Johnstrup, 

 regarding the disturbances as due to thrust of the ice-sheet, con- 

 sidered the Drift-inclusions as introduced by the same agent. 

 Prof. Ussing remarks that the inclusion of Quaternary deposits 

 between portions of Chalk proves the disturbances to be of 

 Quaternary age. It is thus universally assumed that the inclusions 

 occupy dislocations, and entered them while they were being 

 produced. Prof. Ussing, while noticing the different theories, does 

 not appear to adopt any of them, and points out objections to 

 each : other difficulties are mentioned by Prof. Bonney and myself, 

 in our paper. I am now able to bring forward evidence that the 

 dislocations had been produced before the Drift 

 entered them: that they are older than the Ice-Age, 

 and accordingly are not the work of ice-thrust, nor 

 yet of post-Glacial disturbances. 



Storre Taler is a headland of Chalk over 300 feet high, from 

 which a wall of chalk runs southward, banded with flint-lines which 

 undulate, but on the whole lie horizontally. High up on the face 

 of this wall can be seen three or four oval hollows lying at the same 

 level. All their contours are rounded, at their bases are accumu- 

 lations of flints, and they have every appearance of being Avater- 

 worn cavities. They are rilled with Drift : and so must have 



1 Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. lv (1899) pp. 305-24. 



2 Danmarks Geologiske Uudersogelse, ser. 3, No. 2. 



