1XX PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [May I906, 



resemblance to that of the following diagram [fig. 2] ; and the dip of our 

 imaginary stratum will be as represented at each point by the arrows. The 

 tendency of this dip between Kirkstone Fell and the valley of the Lune, towards 

 the N.E. on the north of the axis, and to the east of south on the south of the 



Fig. 2. 



/\\ I t ' > ,--/ 



* t ■ „-- — 1 * $$y 



r? / ' \ \ hi 



axis, is owing to a declination in the axis itself from Kirkstone Fell to the 

 valley of the Lune, as represented in the former of these diagrams. This, 

 combined with the clip perpendicular to the axis, produces that represented in 

 the figure.' 



The dome as represented by Hopkins is, then, an asymmetrical 

 one, formed round an axis running generally east and west. He 

 refers the present drainage to the uplift modified by the dislocations, 

 and the formation of the valleys to denudation. Many of Hopkins's 

 supposed faults are shown, as the result of detailed mapping, 

 to be non-existent ; but the general explanation of the drainage 

 which is given in his paper is closely similar to that which has 

 been subsequently offered, and it is clear that to Hopkins we owe 

 the general explanation of the relationship between the dome-shaped 

 uplift and the main radial drainage of the district. To Hopkins's 

 paper I shall recur in a later part of this Address. 



In a paper published in the ' Geological Magazine ' for 1879 * 

 by J. Clifton Ward, ' On the Physical History of the English Lake 

 District,' that author also inclines to the view that the Lower 

 Palaeozoic rocks of the district were entirely covered by Carboniferous 

 sediment, and that therefore the present land did not come into 

 existence before New Eed times. 



The late Mr. J. G. Goodchild, in a paper published in 1885, 2 

 arrived at the same conclusion as did Hopkins, namely, that the 

 uplift of the district was after New Red times. 



1 Dec. ii, vol. vi, pp. 49 & 110. 



2 Trans. Cumberland & Westmorland Assoc, for the Advancement of Lit. & 

 Sci. no. ix [1883-84] 1885, p. 31. 



