Vol. 62.] ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS OF THE PRESIDENT. cix 



We may now pass to the consideration of those valleys which it 

 is my desire to discuss in greater detail. 



The first to which I would call attention is the Troutbeck Valley, 

 occupied by a stream flowing into Windermere from the north. I 

 have already referred to the evidence which this valley yielded, 

 as first giving me an idea of the importance of shatter-belts. Near 

 the head of this valley, on its west side, is the hanging valley 

 of Woundale, which is occupied by a stream rising on St. Raven's 

 Edge and running for about 1^- miles, chiefly on flat ground, ere 

 it mouths at a height of over 1000 feet above the sea, near the 

 Kirkstone-Pass road. Here it falls rapidly to join the Troutbeck 

 stream, some 400 feet below. 



About 3 miles lower down the Troutbeck Valley on the east side 

 is a marked notch, forming the head of a valley, which is lower 

 down occupied by a stream eventually flowing into the Kent. On 

 ascending this valley, we find that it has a gently-sloping floor 

 which ends abruptly on the side of the Troutbeck Valley, east of 

 the Church, at a height of about 850 feet above sea-level. This 

 valley is in direct line with that of Woundale. 



The appearances are explicable, on the supposition that, before 

 the Troutbeck Valley existed, a stream rose at the head of Woundale, 

 which is on the main watershed of the district, and flowed in the 

 direction which we should expect, namely, somewhat east of south, 

 until it joined the Kent ; and that subsequently the Troutbeck 

 stream worked back along the shatter-belt, beheading the Woundale 

 stream, leaving the upper part of the latter as a hanging valley 

 (for no shatter-belt extended up this valley), while the lower part 

 ended in the marked notch at the side of the Troutbeck Valley, 

 and its downward continuation is now marked by a small stream, 

 which seems insignificant when compared with the valley which it 

 occupies. 



Let us now turn to the Great Langdale Valley, to which I have 

 already alluded briefly. 



It was pointed out that a shatter-belt runs up Mickleden at the 

 head of the valley, and passes up Rossett Gill towards the west- 

 north-west. At the foot of llossett Gill, a stream comes from the 

 north, by the path from the Stake Pass. This stream courses down 

 a steep slope, and, on ascending the path, a marked hanging valley 

 is found, known as Langdale Combe. Passing down the main 

 valley we find its course, as before stated, bearing to the east along 



