132 PROF. T. M'KEXNT HFGHES 



which occur in the cave where the roof has fallen, and outside 

 where the wall or mouth of the cave has broken down. 



Fig. 7. — Section in quarry behind cottar/e hy road on Jiill-side south 

 of, and opposite to Ffynnon Beuno Cave. (From a photograph 

 by Mr. HeJsby.) 



Here masses of drift washed down into the fissured and decomposing rock were 

 exposed in cavities in the progress of quarrying ; some of this drift was 

 relaid horizontally, as shown behind the standing figure, while some was 

 dragged down by its own weight, and, in places, stood vertical, as shown 

 in the ca\itj on the right of the picture. 



Eecent excavations have conclusively proved that the upper 

 opening now seen did not exist as an entrance to the cave during 

 the period of its occupation, although many fissures and cylindrical 

 holes, sometimes open sometimes choked, lead from the surface of 

 the rock and the water-carrying strata of the overlying drift into 

 this part of the cave. 



When the bone-earth was followed out from the upper opening it 

 was found to be overlain by a mass of broken limestone, which the 

 floor of solid rock rose to meet, at a distance of some 6 feet more or 

 less from the inner wall of the cave (see fig. 6). This mass of angular 

 rock sloped in over the cave-deposits, as shown in fig. 4 ; and when 

 followed to the north end of the excavation in front of the opening, it 

 was seen to extend from the floor of the cave to meet the rock above, 

 which again projected forward (as seen in figs. 2 and 3) to form a 

 roof to the cave. Broken rock extended in a similar manner in 

 front of the opening up to the exterior wall of the cave at the south 

 end of the excavation, and immediately in front of the cave great 

 masses of rock were found in the soil and drift that blocks the 

 opening (as seen in figs. 2, 3, 4, and 6). It was perfectly clear that 

 these masses of rock represented the roof and walls of a portion of 



