CRETACEOUS SERIES IN LINCOLNSHIRE AND YORKSHIRE. 337 



My searcli for this exposure was, unfortunately, in vain. 

 North of Leavening the line of the outcrop of the Chalk begins to 

 alter from the north-westerly direction which it has taken from 

 South Lincolnshire to this point. Trending gradually to the north, 

 it finally changes its direction, about four miles beyond the exposure 

 near Wharram Grange, to E.N.E. 



The next exposure of importance is that on Scragglesthorpe Brow ; 

 at the base of a pit on the hillside the Hunstanton Limestone is 

 seen. The position of this exposure is about five miles N.N.E. of 

 "Wharram Grange, and about a mile west of Thorpe Basset church. 

 Unfortunately the broken-up condition of the bed allows little more 

 than a mere record of its presence; judging, however, from the 

 amount and extent of the debris, it must be of some thickness, 

 possibly 6 feet*. Avicula gryj^liceoides is here a common fossil, 

 with Belemnites minimus. It appeared to me that the character of 

 the bed had altered considerably : it is smoother, contains no mineral 

 fragments, and resembles the Eed Chalk of Speeton rather than 

 that along the western edge of the Wolds, 



Eather more than five miles more to the eastward, at East 

 Heslerton, the following section was obtained in the boring of a 

 wellf:— 



ft. 



Chalk 50 



Eed clay {chalk) 25 



Black clay 92 



Mr. C. Eox Strangways has no doubt that the '^ Eed Clay " is 

 the Hunstanton Limestone, and similar to the 30 feet of " Deep Eed 

 Chalk " at Speeton. 



At Potter's Brompton, Prof. BlakeJ estimates that at least 10 feet 

 of Eed Chalk were exposed. When I visited this pit the sides were 

 either levelled or much weathered down, but there was clearly a 

 very considerable thickness. 



IN'ear the head of the Coombe, west of Ganton Hall, the Eed 

 Chalk is again seen, and this, with a small exposure at a spring 

 near Bennington, is the last inland exposure that I need mention. 



The final section of the Eed Chalk occurs at Speeton. It will be 

 needless to recapitulate the opinions of many writers as to the 

 stratigraphical position of the basement-bed of the Upper Cretaceous 

 series in this famous locality. All consider it to be, without ques- 

 tion, the representative of the Hunstanton Limestone ; and Dr. C. 

 Barrels and Prof. Judd agree in considering it the probable repre- 

 sentative of the " Elammen-mergel " of North Germany. In its 

 thickness and general lithological characters it differs somewhat 

 from that at Hunstanton. 



In the cliff about 500 yards east of the mouth of Speeton Beck, 

 exactly 20 feet of it are now to be seen in a vertical face, and more 



* Mr. C. Fox Strangways tells me be saw 10 feet of Red Chalk there, 

 t " Geol, of the Oolitic and Cretaceous Rocks south of Scarboro'," Mem. 

 Geol. Surv. i Sheets 94 S.W. and 95 S.E., p. 26. 

 X Geol. Mag. vol. v. p. 244. 



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