660 ME. J. E. MAKE AND DE. H. A. ISITCHOLSON 



shallow depression marking the position of the outcrop of the Skelgill 

 Beds, which are concealed for some distance to the north-east of 

 this point. The beds are seen in the stream immediatelj^ after 

 turning the corner below the bridge, and a more or less continuous 

 section of the several members of the stage is traceable along the 

 left bank for about half a mile down the stream to a point about 

 10 chains east of the farm of High Skelgill. The right bank is 

 mainly composed of Ashgill Shales, with a few exceptions to be 

 noted subsequently. At the point near High Skelgill the stream 

 once more turns due south, and soon flows over the beds of the 

 Browgill stage, so that at present our description will be limited to 

 the exposures in that part of the stream which runs between the 

 Upper Bridge and the point at which the stream again turns due 

 south near High Skelgill Farm. Along this portion the direction 

 of the stream is parallel with that of the strike of the beds, which 

 is here nearly due IST.E.-S.W., and the beds are dipping at a com- 

 paratively low angle, averaging about 35° to the S.E. 



Below the Upper Bridge the stream runs for a distance of about 

 15 chains through a ravine cut in the moorland, and we may speak 

 of this as the " moorland " portion of the gill. Prom this point until 

 a wall is reached, about 5 chains east of the spot near the farm 

 where the stream once more turns due south, it flows through a 

 wooded ravine, and this we shall refer to as the " wooded " portion of 

 the gill. About 5 chains below the point where the stream enters 

 this wood is a foot-bridge, over which a footpath, slanting obliquely 

 up the steep left bank of the stream, is carried ; this is the Lower 

 Bridge. Some 15 chains further down the first important tributary 

 from the north enters the main stream, and a few yards further 

 down a second tributary from the north joins the main beck at the 

 point where the latter quits the wood. The remaining few chains 

 over which the stream preserves its S.W. direction are on swampy 

 ground, with no sections ; and at the point where the flow changes 

 to the southward, a third tributary enters the main stream from the 

 north. 



After these preliminary remarks, we may proceed to describe the 

 section in greater detail. 



The most continuous vertical exposure which is readily accessible 

 is seen at the Lower Bridge, which one of us, in a paper printed in 

 the Society's Journal for 1878, has spoken of as the Lower Foot- 

 bridge. The section there inserted is, in the main, correct, but 

 some of the thicknesses have to be modified as a result of numerous 

 subsequent measurements (fig. 1). 



Aa. Lower Skelgill Beds. 



(1) A .few yards below the Lower Bridge a cliff, some 10 feet in 

 height, is seen, standing immediately above the stream on the left 

 bank. Here the stream is seen to be flowing over the highest beds 

 of the Ashgill Shales, containing the characteristic Brachiopods of 

 the deposit, and having a discontinuous line of calcareous nodules 



