80 MEMOIRS OF THE CARNEGIE MUSEUM 



while according to Mivart C. cancrivorus has been known to develop the same dental 

 formula as Daphoenus. 



The Vertebral Column. 



C. 7; D. 13?; L. 7?; S. 3; C. 23?. 



Unfortunately the vertebral column was not sufficiently well preserved to permit 

 of an accurate determination of the vertebral formula, though the principal charac- 

 ters of the vertebrEe of the different regions, except in the sacrum and cervicals, are 

 well shown. 



The Cervicals. — PI- XVII., Figs. 1, 2, 3. Of the cervicals only the atlas is pre- 

 served and it lacks the transverse processes and a portion of the neural arch, but is 

 otherwise in an excellent state of preservation. It does not differ essentially from 

 that vertebra as described by Scott in Daphoenus vetus, except that the articular 

 surfaces for the axis are inclined to the fore and aft axis of the vertebra at an angle 

 of about 45°. As noted by Scott, the vertebrarterial canal perforates the base of 

 the transverse process horizontally as in the cats, and not vertically as in the modern 

 dogs. 



The Dorsals. — PI. XVII., Figs., 4, 5. Save the first vertebra the complete dorsal 

 series is represented in our skeleton, though they are all somewhat injured, and in 

 none is the neural spine complete. Compared with the skull and the lumbars the 

 dorsals seem small and the dorsal region as a whole somewhat abbreviated. The 

 transverse processes are robust and the neural arches and spines slope rather abruptly 

 backward from the first to the ninth. Dorsal eleven is the transitional or anticlinal 

 vertebra. The entire length of the dorsal series is 380 mm. 



The Lumbars. — PL XVII., Figs. 13, 14, 15. All the lumbars are represented in 

 our skeleton except the sixth, assuming that there were present in the skeleton 

 seven lumbars, which is the normal number in the canidse. The first lumbar has a 

 well developed anapophysis which points directly backward and a little outward. 

 The transverse processes are rather slender and are directed downward, forward and 

 outward as in the cats, instead of being directed horizontally forward as in the dogs 

 and bears. Compared with the dorsals the lumbars are long and heavy. 



The Sacrum. — This is not represented in our skeleton, but in the Princeton 

 material it is shown to be composed of three vertebrae. 



The Caudals. — PL XVII., Figs. 6-12. Fifteen caudals are preserved in our 

 skeleton. Fortunately most of these are in a good state of preservation and give a 

 fair idea of the different regions of the tail. They indicate that this appendage was 

 long and intermediate in character between the cats and creodonts, being somewhat 



