SHUFELDT : OSTEOLOGY OF THE STEGANOPODES 



187 



exists in allied species, and in the comparatively small size and regular lyrate form 

 of these openings. From, these conditions it will be seen that there is in the cranium 

 an excess of ossification over that found in other cormorants. While no bar of bone 

 has been found in other species, there are hints of it in some, thus, -P. pe7iiciUatus 

 and P. magellanicus, in the shape of a little bony spike running upward from the 

 alisphenoids, and it is not impossible that the complete bar may be found in some 

 very old individual. This is the more probable because in the young, of P. urile at 

 least, there is a bar of cartilage occupying the place of the bar of bone found in 

 Pallas' Cormorant. 



Measurements^'^ op Species of Phalacrocorax.^'' [From Lucas.] 



STERNUM. 





P. perspicillatus, 



male 



(U. S. N. M., 



No. 19417). 



P. cnrho, 



male (Yale 



College, 



No. 535). 



P. penicillatus 



(U. S. N. M., 



No. 18535). 



P. urile, 

 male 



(U. S. N. M., 

 No. 12502). 



Anterior end of carina to mesoxiphoid 



■mm. 

 13215 



109 



4015 



84 



72 



mm. 



119 

 97 

 33 

 66 

 59 



mm. 



101 

 87 

 22 

 60 

 58 



mm. 

 104 



Manubrium to mesoxiphoid 



90 



Depth of carina 



25 



Width across articulations of first rib 



70 



Width across articulations of fourth rib 



65 



SKULL. 



P. perspicillatus, 

 male 



(U. S. N. M., 

 No. 19417). 



Tip of mandible to occipital condyle .1 



Fronto-nasal hinge to articulation for occip-^ 



ital style j 



Across anterior part of frontal s j 



Across postorbital processes 



Across squamosal processes : 



Across exoccipital processes I 



mm. 



14815 



69 

 22 

 39 

 45 

 40 



P. carbo, 

 male 



(U. S. N. M. 

 No. 18851). 



mm. 

 135 



61 

 20 

 31 

 36 

 33 



P. penicillatus 



(U. S. N. M., 



No. 940). 



mm. 

 141 



62 

 19 

 32 

 37 

 33 



P. urile, 

 male 



(U. S. N. M., 

 No. 12502). 



mm. 

 116 



55 

 13 

 25 

 32 

 26 



"The Sternum (No. 19417, U. S. N. M.) found with the present series of bones is 

 important, as its size indicates it to be that of a male, and shows the sternum previ- 

 ously described to have been that of a female, or possibly even that of a male of P. 

 urile. It is ver}^ much larger than any sternum of P. urile, and much larger even 

 than the large specimen of P. carho, used for comparison." The present sternum is 



"The measurements are in a .straight line. 



i^Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XIL, 1889, p. 88. 



i^Estimated, owing to breakage. 



15 Taken from rostrum of one bird and calvariuni of another. 



I'Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XIL, 1889, pp. 88-94. 



