ASHMEAD : CLASSIFICATION OF THE CHALCID FLIES 295 



Front wings with tlie marginal and postmarginal veins very short, the latter scarcely developed, 

 the marginal vein almost punctiform ; clypeus normal ; antennae long, cylindrical, subclavate, 

 the scape slender, the pedicel twice as long as the first joint of funicle. 



Tetracnemoidea Howard (type T. australiensis How.). 



16. Axillae united at the inner basal angles, or at least touching each other 17 



Axillae widely separated at inner basal angles ; postmarginal vein not developed. 



Eyes rounded ; antennae inserted far anteriorly below an imaginary line drawn from the base of 

 the eyes Tetracnemus Westwood (type T. diversicornis Westw.). 



17. Eyes bare, not pubescent 18 



Eyes pubescent. 



Marginal vein a little shorter than the stigmal vein, the postmarginal vein at least as long as the 

 stigmal vein ; flagellum clavate ; the funicle joints short, wider than long. 



Habrolepoidea Howard (type H. glauca How.). 



18. Wings hyaline 19 



Wings fuscous, with white rays or bands 23 



19. Marginal vein punctiform, not longer than thick, the postmarginal vein not developed 22 



Marginal vein not punctiform. 



Marginal vein always longer than the stigmal vein 20 



Marginal vein always shorter than the stigmal vein 21 



20. Marginal vein about thrice as long as the stigmal vein, the postmarginal vein not longer than the shaft 



of the stigmal vein, the latter short, perpendicular ; axillae just meet at their inner basal angles ; 

 pronotum very short, scarcely visible from above ; mesonotum scaly punctate, or reticulate. 



Tetralophiellus Ashmead (type T. brevicoHis Ashm.). 



Marginal vein only a little longer than the stigmal vein, the jjostmarginal vein very short, hardly 



developed ; axillae meet at inner basal angles ; pronotum not short, conical ; mesonotum smooth ; 



antennae not short, subclavate Tetracladia Howard (type T. texana How.). 



21. Marginal vein fully twice as long as thick or about half the length of the stigmal vein, the post- 



marginal vein only slightly developed ; antennae clavate, tbe club ovate, 3-jointed, much stouter 

 than the funicle, the scape more than twice as long as thick at apex ; funicle joints one fourth 

 longer than thick ; pronotum very short, transverse linear ; mesonotum microscopically reticulate ; 



hypopygium very prominent, plowshare-shaped Tetracnemopsis Ashmead 



(type Tetracnemus westwoodii Ckll.). 



22. Antennae subclavate, the pedicel hardly longer than thick at apex, biit longer than the first joint of the 



funicle ; funicle joints submoniliform ; pronotum very short ; mesonotum shagreened or scaly punc- 

 tate Pentacnemus Howard (type F. bucculatricis How.). 



23. Marginal vein about twice as long as thick, not longer than the stigmal, the postmarginal vein hardly 



so long ; axillae not quite meeting an inner basal angles ; antennae subclavate, inserted close to the 

 mouth, the scape long, slender, only slightly thickened towards apex ; funicle joints 1-2 subequal, 

 hardly longer than thick, the following gradually increasing in thickness ; eyes very large ; frons 

 narrow ; mesonotum smooth, metallic, a little shorter than the scutellum, the latter opaque, 



shagreened ; abdomen ovate, shorter than the thorax, depressed Habrolepopteryx Ashmead 



(type Psilophrys pulchripennis Ashm.). 



24. Epistoma not carinate 25 



Epistoma cai'inate 39 



25. Antennae ramose, ivith 4 branches 26 



Antennae simple, without branches, the scape and flagellum sometimes dilated or compressed 27 



