266 PEOF. J. PRESTWICH ON^ THE PvAISED 



which project on the coast thence to Hastings and Pevensey are 

 equally without evidence of the Beach or Head. 



(4) Eastbourne. — The town stands upon a bed of drift, composed of 

 chalk-, clay-, and flint-rubble, from 10 to 12 feet thick, rising only 

 a few feet above the sea-level, and resting upon a floor of Chalk and 

 Upper Greensand. There are no open sections, but in digging the 

 foundations of houses and making the sewers mammalian remains 

 have been found from time to time. They consist of ElepJias lorimi- 

 genius, Rhinoceros tichorhinus, Hippopotamus majo'r, Bos, and Equus. 



Although diff'erent in aspect and level from the Folkestone and 

 Brighton beds, this deposit cannot be assigned to any river-drifr, 

 whereas from position and physical characters it agrees, as Murchison 

 supposed, with the Head or JElephant Bed of Brighton. Traces of 

 the chalk-and-flint rubble from 1 to 5 feet thick were formerly to be 

 seen west of the town on the lower part of the chalk cliff (fig. 1). 

 In this I found a few land-shells, and 1 foot of a hard breccia like 

 Brighton Coombe Eoek. As it descends to the sea-level and passes 



Fig. 1. — Section on slope of hill, ivest of Eastbourne. 

 E. W. 



^^^ 



^^ 



"S~ d C d, cTholk 



a. Rubble and loam, with a few land-shells ^ ^ .,. -, .„ 



h. Coarse chalk-and-flint rubble | -Kubble-clnlt, 



c. Rubble of red claj-with-flints and chalk \ ^^^^'' ®*^™^ 



d. Alternate fine and coarse rubble, with a few Tertiary flint- I concreted 



pebbles ) POi'tions. 



[In order to show the different layers, the deposit is made thicker 

 than it should be.] 



under the town, it changes from a chalk-rubble into a rubbly clay- 

 gravel, which extends eastward for a distance of 2| miles or more 

 on the Pevensey lload. Teeth of the Mammoth have been found 

 about 1 mile east of Eastbourne in a loamy gravel ; and the workmen 

 at a neighbouring brick-pit informed me that beneath the bone-bed 

 they came, at a depth of 15 to 16 feet, upon a bed of sand with 

 sea-shells. This would tend to show that the Pevensey Marshes 

 were a sea-bed of the time of the Eaised Beaches. 



(5) Birling Gap. — Three miles westward of Eastbourne is the 

 deep and narrow Chalk valley of East Dean, which terminates on the 

 coast at Birling Gap. The low cliff, 20 to 30 feet high and about 

 400 feet in length, tlrough which the Gap is cut, consists in its 

 lower part of disturbed and shattered Chalk-with-flints and chalk- 

 rubble, passing up into an angular flint Bubble -drift, which tails 

 out on either side on the slopes of the encirchng hills. This drift 

 contains also some Tertiary flint-pebbles and a few subangular 

 flints from an older drift. It is spread out in very irregular sheets 

 of coarse and fine materials, Avith some seams of a finely laminated, 

 white chalky marl. 



