268 



PEOF, J. PRESTWICH ON THE EAISED 



To the concreted portions Maritell gave the name of ' Coombe Rock.' 

 This rubble is largely developed, and extends under a great part of 

 East Brighton and to the end of Kemp Town, The mammalian 

 remains found in it belong to Elephas primigenius, Ehinoceros 

 ticJiorhinus, Cervvs elaphus, Hij)popotamiis major, Equus cahallvs, 

 Sus scrofa, and Bos. Mantell remarks on the perfect state of the 

 Mammoth teeth, showing that they could not have been transported 

 from a distance. Murchison applies the same remark to the bones 

 in general, w^hich show fracture but not wear. 



Mantell describes the Head as a confused heap of alluvial 

 materials, having a layer of broken sea-shells at its junction with 

 the underlying Eaised" Beach/ 



I have often visited the Kemp Town cliff, and as the hypothesis 

 which I shall propose hinges largely on the condition and structure 

 of this section, it will be necessary to describe it at greater length. 

 Murchison's section is a very good one, but I have failed to notice 

 the pipes that he figures. 



Fig. 3. — Section east of Kempt Toivn, at riglit angles to the 

 line of old cliffs. 





a. Chalk-and -flint rubble, or Head. c. Raised beach. (/ . Present beach. 

 [The chff here is about 80 feet high.] 



The upper part of the Head consists of an unstratified mass of 

 sharp angular flints and chalk fragments, overlying a series of 

 irregular lenticular masses of the same character, alternating with 

 others composed chiefly of chalk-rubble and marl with but few flints. 

 Some of the seams are coloured yellow by the admixture of sand 

 (Tertiary), and others consist of a pure chalk-paste or marl, finely 

 laminated. A few much-worn dark brown flints, Tertiary flint- 

 pebbles, and fragments of iron-sandstone, derived from an older 

 drift or from Tertiary strata on the Downs above, occasionally occur ; 

 while, projecting from the face of the cliff', large blocks of Tertiary 

 sandstone, angular, or with the angles but slightly worn, may often be 

 seen. One of these measured 8x2x2 feet. The several layers 

 composing the Head vary extremely in thickness and in horizontal 

 ' ' Geology of the South-east of England,' p. 32. 



