306 PROF. J. PRESTWICH ON THE RAISED 



corrections) of this Cave fauna will serve the purpose of comparison 

 with that from the Rubble-drift besides, and also as defining this 

 particular zone.^ 



Ur&us spelceus. 



Elephas antiquus. 



t arctos. 



primigenius. 



fMeles taxus. 



Ehinoceros leptorhinus, Owen {kemi- 



fMtcstela putorius. 



toechics, Falc). 



t erminea. 



tichorhinics. 



\Lutra vulgaris. 



fEquus caballus. 



-\' Canis lupus. 



Hippopotamus major. 



t vulpes. 



iSus scrofa. 



Hymna crocuta {spclcsa). 



liCervus tarandus. 



Felis leo (F. spelcea). 



megaceros. 



t catus. 



t elaphus. 



■[Arvicola amphihius. 



\ capreolus. 



fLepiis cuniculus. 



1'Bison prisms. 



t timidus. 





t Survivals in the British Islands from Glacial to Prehistoric or Eecenb 



times. 





With the exception of Meles taxus^ Mustela putorius, M. erminea., 

 and Lepus cuniculus^ which hitherto have been found only in Caves, 

 the above are all common low-level Yalley Drift species. 



§ 7. Inland Range of the Rubble-drift or Head : 

 Stream-tin Detritus : Ossiferous Pissures. 



Besides the drift-gravels and loams of our valleys due to fluviatile 

 action, and the sands and gravels at various heights due to marine, 

 glacial, and meteorological agencies, the existence in the South of 

 England of other drift-beds which could not be accounted for by any 

 of these causes, and for which some other explanation was needed, 

 has long been suspected. De la Beche, speaking of the drift-beds of 

 Devonshire and Somerset, remarks that north and north-east of the 

 Black Downs there is much flint- and chert-gravel over the New Red 

 Sandstone and Lias, mingled with debris from the Quantock Hills, 

 the transport of which can hardly be explained by means of river- 

 drainages such as we now see : the Chalk and Lower Cretaceous 

 strata may have extended over this area, but he points to difficulties 

 on that view." 



Godwin -Austen was of opinion that much of the angular gravel 

 covering the hill-slopes and valleys in the West of England was not 

 referable to fluviatile action, but was due to some widespread 

 general cause.^ 



The main object of Murchison's paper * on the Wealden area was 

 to show that the flint-drift of the South of England must be attri- 

 buted to some other cause than river or glacial action. 



^ ' Palasont. Memoirs,' vol. ii. p. 525, and Prof. Boj-d Dawkins's ' Cave Hunt- 

 ing,' chap. xii. See also his ' Classification of the Pleistocene Strata of Britain 

 and the Continent by means of the Mammalia,' Quart. Journ. Greol. Soc. 

 vol. xxviii. (1872) p. 410. 



^ * Eeport on the Geology of Cornwall, Devon, &c.' p. 409. 



' Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. vii. (1851) p. 118, and vol. xxii. (1866) p. 1. 



* Ihid. vol. vii. (1851) p. 349. 



