458 



MAMMOTH ANB OTHER REMAINS IN ENDSLEIGH STREET. 



2. GkAVEL ABOVE No. 1. 



Cervus elaphus. Proximal part of a large antler. 

 Eqivus caballus. Two cannon-bones differing in size. 



In the loam in which the bones were embedded Mr. Clement Reid, 

 P.L.S., E.G.S., has recognized the seeds, &c., of the following plants, 

 which he says are usually found in marshy places or ponds : — 



Bammculus aquatilis, Linn. 



Potamogeton crispus, Linn. 



sceleratus, Linn. 



Zannichellia ■palustris, Linn. 



repens, Linn. 



Eleocharis palustris, Br. 



Stellaria media, Cyr. 



Carex dioica, Linn, 



Geranium, sp. 



, sp. 



Fotentilla Tormentilla, Jfeck. 



, sp. 



Hippuris violgaHs, Linn. 



Chara, sp. 



Myriophi/llum spicatitm, Linn. 



Mosses. 



Polygonum aviculare, Linn. 





Persicaria, Linn. 



Two land-shells also have been identi 



Eumex obticsifolius, Linn. 



fied: 



Luzula ? maxima ?, De C. 



Planorbis nautileus. 



Potamogeton ohttisifolius. 



Limncea peregra. 



It will be observed that there are no typically Arctic plants, but 

 they are such as extend at the present time from the Arctic Circle 

 to the South of Europe. That the climate, even in the Thames 

 Yalley, was then cold there cannot, in my opinion, be any doubt, 

 and it is more than probable that farther north the conditions were 

 such as are considered to have been in part, at least, characteristic 

 of the Glacial period. 



§ 3. Endsleigh Gaebens. 



The section facing this page (fig. 2, I. on the Map) was compiled 

 from observations made by myself in the portion between Endsleigh 

 Street and Gordon Street, and from facts communicated to me by 

 Mr. I^^eave and the clerk of the works with regard to the part be- 

 tween Endsleigh Street and Upper Woburn Place which had been, 

 in the main, completed before my examination of the excavations 

 commenced. 



Opposite Upper Woburn Place the sewer has been carried down 

 to a depth of about 28 feet, and I was informed that three separate 

 layers of septaria were met with in the London Clay, which here 

 reached upwards to within 12 feet of the surface of the street. Some 

 excavations made subsequently in Upper "Woburn Place, for con- 

 necting the drains with the houses, enabled me to verify this in part, 

 and they also proved that the London Clay approached gradually 

 nearer the surface eastwards. 



The following section, exposed in making the Metropolitan 

 Ptailway, which I quote from Mr. Whitaker's Memoir, ' The Geology 

 of London,' vol. ii. p. 321, is interesting as showing that the ridge 

 of London Clay extends northwards for some distance : — 



" Euston Square (something doubtful near eastern side). 

 Made ground, 7 to 4. 

 Gravel and sand up to 8. 

 London Clay, within 10 feet of the surface near E. (? only 7 at E.)." 



