KEMAINS IN BNDSLEIGH STREET. 467 



(i) An uneven land-surface with a flora indicative of a climate 



that was gradually becoming colder, 

 (ii) Migration of the Mammoth and other northern animals 

 southwards in advance of an ice-sheet, or of glaciers 

 radiating from various northern and north-western centres. 



(iii) Accumulation of materials on plains and in valleys, conveyed 

 by water derived from melting ice and snow passing over 

 soft deposits. The mammalian remains on the old land- 

 surface would, at this time, be either covered over or trans- 

 ported from higher to lower ground. 



(iv) A further advance of the ice reaching to within a short distance 

 of this area, and the deposition at Finchley, &c., of the 

 Upper Boulder Clay with many northern and far-travelled 

 erratics. 



(v) B-etreat of the ice, and the accumulation of the more recent 

 Thames Yalley gravels, and of some surface-deposits. 



DiSCTJSSIOIf. 



The Peesident congratulated the Author on his good fortune in 

 finding these magnificent specimens in London. It was remarkable 

 that no remains of Mammoth had been found in the 7 J acres of 

 gravel turned over in digging the foundations of the new Law-Courts. 

 But there was no doubt a difference between the 80-feet plateau at 

 Endsleigh Gardens, and the sloping surface between the 40- and 

 60-feet contour on which the gravel of the Law-Courts occurred. 

 It must be remembered that the discovery, though interesting, was 

 not absolutely new, for so long ago as 1715 the Mammoth was found 

 in deposits on the same plateau (at Gray's Inn Lane) along with a 

 Palaeolithic implement. 



Mr. MoNCKTON remarked that the clay with flints and ' race ' was 

 very unlike the Chalky Boulder Clay ; even at Hornchurch the Boulder 

 Clay was full of lumps of chalk, and yet that place was much 

 farther from the Chalk outcrop than Euston Station. He looked upon 

 the Endsleigh Gardens deposit as newer than the Chalky Boulder 

 Clay, and thought the materials of the sands and gravels might have 

 come from older gravels, and the Pectunculus from London Clay of 

 the neighbourhood. He did not consider ' race ' evidence of Glacial 

 age. He was very glad to find that the Author did not suggest a 

 submergence or marine agency in connexion with the sands, gravels, 

 &c., described in the paper. 



Sir Henet Howoeth also spoke. 



The Atjthoe thought that Sir Henry Howorth had met the case 

 exactly by emphasizing the fact that the bones, when undisturbed, 

 always occurred under the whole of the deposits. The latter cannot 

 be correlated with the low-lying river-gravels, but they resemble in 

 a marked manner the Glacial deposits at Finchley and Hendon. 

 The clay with ' race ' is very widespread, and is met with at different 

 levels over most of the undulating plain of North-west Middlesex. 

 At Finchley it underlies a great thickness of Chalky Boulder Clay, 

 with northern erratics. 



