1 82 PEOCEEDINGS OP THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



from the washing of the glacier, than that we should find, as in 

 other instances, large numbers of well-preserved Secondary fossils. 

 As for the sand-grains, if these are marine, any explanation which 

 accounted for the shells would account for these also. He was 

 inclined to think, however, that these rounded and highly-polished 

 grains may have been derived from coastal sand-dunes which the 

 ice had over-ridden — as in Yorkshire, where blown sands are seen to 

 be cut out by the Boulder Clay. 



Mr. J. W. Gregoet understood that Mr. A. C. Nicholson no longer 

 attached any value to the Cardinice and other Jurassic fossils from the 

 Gloppa drifts (which had been alluded to by another speaker), these 

 being of quite different preservation from the other fossils. They 

 appear to have been introduced by the workmen, from whom they 

 were obtained. But other evidence of glacial elevation in the area is 

 available ; thus, in the south of the Isle of Man, boulders of granite 

 from Granite Mountain have been carried to the summit of South 

 Barrule, a rise of over 800 feet in 1| mile. He suggested that the 

 alternation of beds with eastern erratics with those containing 

 northern erratics migh. be explained as due to differential flow in 

 the glacier. 



Mr. H. W. BuREOWs remarked that, since the Moel Tryfaen 

 fauna was of a mixed character, there would appear to be con- 

 siderable difficulty in accepting the theory advanced by Mr. Lam- 

 plugh. We should rather expect to find a comparatively pure fauna, 

 if the shelly bed were the result of the washing of a glacier that 

 had carried part of the sea-bottom over which it had travelled. 



The President said the absent Author would learn that the 

 engineer had been hoist with his own petard, since the earlier 

 speakers considered he had supplied important facts in contradiction 

 of his own conclusions. Whether we accepted the ' ice-shore ' theory 

 or the ' subsidence ' theory, either drew largely on our faith, though 

 these highest-level JDrift-gravels had to be accoimted for somehow. 

 There was no difficulty in believing in the presence of two totally 

 independent sources of supply, which might, to a certain extent, have 

 acted synchronously. In the case mentioned by Mr. Whitaker it 

 should be remembered that the lift by ice did not exceed 250 feet, 

 whilst in the case of Flamborough the lift was not more than 400 feet 

 [Mr. Lamplugh claimed that it might be more if the depth of the 

 sea were added]. Whether they agreed or disagreed with the 

 Author's conclusions, the thanks of the Meeting were due to him for 

 a paper which had led to so interesting a discussion. 



Messrs. Percy P. Kendall, J. E. Mare, C. Reid, E. Etheeidge, 

 W. Whitakee, and Prof. H. G. Seeley also spoke. 



The following specimens were exhibited :— 



Eock-specimens and microscopic sections, exhibited by T. MeUard 

 Eeade, Esq., C.E., P.G.S., in illustration of his paper. 



Specimens of striated Chalk and Kimeridge Clay, exhibited by 

 T. Y. Holmes, Esq., E.G.S., in illustration of his paper 



