Fonck, Fringilla nivalis, ein Bewohner des südlichen Chile. Q2Z 



When the Iberian ear in purity is found on Negritos, with black 

 skins, kinky hair and small stature; on Filipinos, with brown skins, 

 black, straight hair, and intermediate stature; on Chinese, with 

 yellow skins, black, straight hair, and tall stature; on the true 

 Iberian of Spain, and the modified Iberian of Britain, as well as on 

 the East Indians with black skins, tall stature, and straight, black 

 hair; and on the Negroes, with black skins, kinky hair, and tall 

 stature ; all of which I have observed in the Philippines ; it seems to 

 me that the Iberian ear is more stable than any of the other cha- 

 racters mentioned, the latter having become modified, resulting 

 in the black skin, kinky hair, and small stature under certain con- 

 ditions, the white skin, straight, flaxen hair, and tall stature under 

 dissimilar conditions, and the other forms of pigmentation, hair and 

 stature under different varying conditions. The alternative to this 

 may be that the abone mentioned characteristics are all separable 

 unit characters and have joined as such in various combinations. 



Whatever may be the ultimate decision in regard to this, there 

 can be no doubt that the Iberian ear has been found by me on all 

 the peoples of the earth I have so far had the opportunity to 

 examine, and invariably seen upon, individuals with norrow noses 

 and long heads. 



The Primitive ear also appears on many peoples, in either pure 

 or modified form, the individuals invariably with broad noses and 

 broad heads and I believe that the combinations of these two 

 types, the Iberian and the Primitive, and possibly the Negfo, 

 constitute with their various combinations and modifications all the 

 ear forms of mankind, altough additional observations amony 

 Negroes and whites may alter this opinion. 



At present, howenu, the Iberian ear appears to be the funda- 

 mental European type, the Primitive ear the fundamental Asiatic 

 type, and the Negro ear of H r d 1 i c k a and the Australoid ear 

 appear to be the fundamental Negroid types. 



Fringilla nivalis, ein Bewohner der Hoch-Kordillere des 



südlichen Chile. 



Von Dr. Franz Fonck (Quilpue, Chile). 



Es ist mir die ehrenvolle Auszeichnung zuteil geworden, zu 

 dem Internationalen Zoologen-Kongreß eingeladen zu werden. 

 Mein hohes Alter erlaubt mir nicht, schon der großen Entfernung 

 wegen, mich zu demselben einzufinden. 



Doch hege ich den Wunsch, der freundlichen Einladung in 

 irgendeiner Weise zu entsprechen und somit gestatte ich mir, dem 

 Kongresse eine vor mehr als 50 Jahren von mir gemachte Beob- 



