THIRD REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR I9OD 21 



immediately beneath the surface soil a portion, no doubt, has been 

 eroded away, and a thicker stratum could be secured in adjacent 

 localities where the overlying rocks are still in place. The strati- 

 graphic relations of the ore at Wolcott are not entirely clear. Ac- 

 cording to Hall the ore does not lie in the same horizon with the 

 bed at Ontario, but at a higher one, and it has been suggested that 

 two beds may be present though admittedly the two are not lound 

 at any one place. The conditions so far as they have been ascer- 

 tained indicate, however, the existence of a single bed which cor- 

 responds stratigraphically to the ore at Ontario. 



At Sterling Station, Cayuga co., lo miles northeast of Wolcott, 

 the Fairhaven Iron Co. has recently begun mining the Clinton ore. 

 The opening is close to the former workings of the Furnaceville 

 Co. A section of the strata, made some distance back of the out- 

 crop, shows the ore to be 36 inches thick, with overlying limestone 

 18 to 24 inches, shale 55 feet and soil 10 feet. 



From Sterling Station, the outcrop of the Clinton ore follows a 

 direction somewhat south of east, approximately in the latitude of 

 Oneida lake, but it can not be accurately delineated. For an inter- 

 val of 55 miles there are no openings, the next bemg near Verona 

 village where some mining was done in former years. The bed 

 here lies close to the surface and the region is quite flat. 



At Clinton, the type section of the formation, the ore outcrops 

 on both sides of the Oriskany valley. The Franklin Iron Manufac- 

 turing Co. and C. A. Borst have mines on the east side of the valley 

 which are now active. The principal bed and the only one at 

 present worked is about 30 inches thick, of oolitic character. A 

 lower bed from 6 inches to i foot thick separated from the upper 

 by 2 feet of shale is sometimes present, and a nonoolitic bed, 5 feet 

 thick, occurs 22 feet above the main bed with intervening limestones 

 and shales. The Franklin Iron Co. smelts its product in a local 

 furnace. The remaining output from this locality is sold to manu- 

 facturers of mineral paint. 



From Clinton the ore can be traced eastward to the Sauquoit 

 valley and has been worked at many points along the outcrop. The 

 most easterly locality where mining has been carried on is nea: 

 Washington Mills, directly south of Utica. The ore can be fol- 

 lowed several miles farther in that direction, but it does not appear 

 in sufficient strength to repay mining operations. In some of the 

 eastern sections, it occurs at horizons higher than the beds at 

 Clinton. A fine grained sandstone from 12 to 15 feet thick and 

 carrying about 10 per cent iron is found in Herkimer county. 



