14 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



Ficrnaceville iron ore. The name of this bed is from Furnaceville 

 in Wayne county, near which place the ore has been worked for many 

 years. The ores of the Clinton^ have a very wide areal distribution 

 and have various names applied to them, as oolitic, lenticular and 

 fossil ores. In structure the ore varies in different sections. At 

 Rochester there is a replacement of fossils, such as crinoids and 

 bryozoans. In addition there is a considerable number of spherules, 

 each made up of a nucleus of silica surrounded by a number of thin 

 concentric coats of ferric oxid and silica. The ore at Rochester is 

 strictly a fossil ore, but owing to the presence of lenticular shaped 

 spherules, it may be referred to as lenticular or oolitic ore. The 

 ore is hematite or the sesquioxid of iron (Fca O3). On account of 

 the earthy texture of this ore, it is always red in color. 



In the vicinity of Clinton, N. Y. there are three distinct beds of 

 these ores. In passing west, the upper beds fail and the remaining 

 one shown i»n the Rochester section is 14 inches thick. This ore bed 

 can not extend far west of Rochester, for here is the last known 

 exposure and at Niagara Falls the bed does not exist. 



The ores of the Clinton group are of great economic importance 

 and beds as thin as 22 inches are at present being profitably 

 worked. In New York the iron is mined at Ontario, Wayne county, 

 Sterling Station, Cayuga county, and near Utica in tlie town of 

 Kirkland. 



Wolcott limestone. This limestone has been traced from the Niagara 

 river eastward to Cayuga county. It undoubtedly extends farther 

 east, but on account of poor exposures and probable change in litho- 

 logic features and faunal contents, it has not been recognized. This 

 limestone is named from Wolcott in Wayne county, from which point 

 west to beyond the Genesee the large brachiopod Pen tamer us 

 oblongus is very characteristic of the division and on this 

 account it was formerly called the Pentamerus limestone. This 

 fossil becomes less abundant in going west from Rochester and 

 at Niagara it is not found though farther west in Ohio and Indiana 

 :t occurs in the Clinton strata and again higher up in the Guelph 

 limestone. 



At Rochester this limestone is 14 feet thick. It is well shown at 

 the middle falls, of which it forms the crest. Loose fragments of tlie 



I 5"£'^ Sinythe, G. H. jr. Am. Jour. Sci. 1892. 43:487. , 



