212 BRITISH FOSSIL ELEPHANTS. 



A centrum of a first dorsal in the above gentleman's possession is 7*4 X 10-4 inches 

 in the transverse direction, and is 3*5 inches in thickness. 



There is a large second dorsal, No. 27,878, B. M., covered with barnacles and shells 

 of Serpula, dredged off Clacton, Essex. 



The tip of the spine is lost, otherwise the bone is entire. It is 22 inches in height, 

 with a maximum breadth of 13 inches. The centrum is 2*2 inches in thickness, and 5*4 

 in height, by 6' 5 in breadth. The vertebral canal is nearly an equilateral triangle, being 

 2*7 in height, by 2" 8 inches at the base. 



Other two specimens, one a first dorsal, the other from about the middle of the series, 

 are in the above collection from the same locality. It is just possible, however, that both 

 may belong to E. antiquus. The first dorsal has a neural canal 3"6x2'8 inches in 

 breadth ; the centrum is 5 inches in height and 6 inches broad. The height of spine and 

 neural canal is 14 inches, and thickness 2'4 inches. The middle dorsal shows a less 

 triangular canal, and is 2-5 X 2-8 in breadth, with a centrum 5 inches in height by 6 in 

 breadth. The height, including spine, from the centrum, is 16*5, and thickness of the 

 latter 2*4 inches. 



The fragments of Ribs and portions of Sterna in collections are not sufficiently entire 

 for comparative purposes. 



4. PELVIC GIRDLE. 



The huge pelvic bones from the Norfolk Coast have been already referred to at page 

 151, in connection with the elements of the pelvis of the Mammoth, with which they 

 agree in general characters but differ remarkably as regards dimensions. At the same 

 time, until similar parts in B. antiquus have been described, it seems uncertain whether 

 these huge bones belong to its skeleton or to that of the species under consideration. 



5. SHOULDER GIRDLE. 



Scapula. 



Remains of huge shoulder-blades are represented by several specimens in the 

 Norwich and British Museums, but, with the exception of the glenoid cavity, few other 

 points admit of comparison being made between them and the scapulae described at page 

 145. The following table will suffice to show the dimensions attained by the Elephants 

 from the Forest Bed and other deposits along the East Coast of England. 



