GENERAL SUMMARY. 233 



Scapula of E. primigenius. — Spine elevated ; neck broad ; recurved spine nearly 

 central ; glenoid cavity compressed laterally. (PI. XV, fig. 1, and PI. XXII, fig. 4.) 

 Supported by numerous instances. 



Scapula of E. antiquus. — Unknown. 



Scapula of E. meridionalis. — Spine high and prominent ; neck very broad ; glenoid 

 cavity wide inferiorly. (PI. XVIII, fig. 3.) Supported by several instances. 



Humerus of E. primigenius. — Robust; head and tuberosity compressed; deltoid crest 

 prominent; deep and narrow bicipital groove; supinator ridge short and not very salient; 

 border of condyles sharp and well defined ; trochlear depression deep, with erect internal 

 side; concavity internal to supinator ridge very pronounced. (PI. XVI, fig. 1.) 



Humerus of E. antiquus. — Not so robust as that of the Mammoth ; deltoid crest not 

 so prominent ; supinator ridge less salient ; hollow in front of supinator ridge very pro- 

 nounced ; trochlear depression deep and circular ; outer condyle more globose than in the 

 other two. (PI. XVI, fig. 6.) 



Humerus of E. meridionalis. — Not relatively so robust as in the Mammoth, but 

 stouter than that of E. antiquus ; head more circular than in the Mammoth ; supinator 

 ridge short, with little saliency ; deltoid crest not very prominent as compared with the 

 Mammoth ; hollow in front of supinator ridge more pronounced in this and the last 

 than in the Mammoth; trochlear depression like that of the Mammoth; margins of 

 cubital articular surface not so defined as in the other two. (PI. XVI, figs. 2 and 3.) 



Cubitus of E. primigenius. — The radius commences to cross the ulna about its middle, 

 and in a more oblique direction than in either of the recent species. The directions in 

 the other two extinct forms are unknown to me. 



Ulna. — Radial sulcus often deep ; inner articular surface wide at the neck : posterior 

 olecranon ridge rounded ; external border well defined. 



Radius. — Anterior surface round ; upper and outer side of shaft less flattened than in 

 the other two; round inner aspect of shaft. (PI. XVIII, figs. 1 and 2.) 



Cubitus in E: antiquus : Ulna. — Deep radial sulcus ; head of olecranon arches more 

 inwards than in the Mammoth. 



Radius. — Upper and outer and inner sides of shaft more flat and round than in the 

 Mammoth. 



Cubitus of E. meridionalis : Ulna. — Radial sulcus shallow and wide ; shaft not so 

 flat as in the Mammoth. 



Radius. — Anterior surface of shaft rather round, with outer and inner sides sloping 

 and flat. 



Manus of E. primigenius. — Minor distinctions subject to exceptions in scaphoid, lunare, 

 and cuneiforme ; trapezium and trapezoid inferred to be diagnostic (PI. XIX, fig. 8, and 

 PI. XXI, fig. 3) ; proximal articular surfaces of the third metacarpal are diagnostic. 

 (PI. XVIII, fig. 7.) 



Manus of E. antiquus. — Minor distinctions in scaphoid, lunare, and cuneiforme ; trape- 



