234 BRITISH FOSSIL ELEPHANTS. 



zium and trapezoid inferred to be diagnostic (PI. XIX, fig. 9, and PI. XXI, fig. 4) ; 

 proximal articular surfaces of third metacarpal are diagnostic. (PI. XVIII, fig. 6.) 



Manus of F. meridionalis. — Minor distinctions in scaphoid, lunar e, and cuneiforme ; 

 trapezium inferred to be diagnostic (PI. XIX, fig. 10) ; proximal articular surfaces of third 

 metacarpal are diagnostic. (PL XVIII, fig. 5.) 



Fifth metacarpal short and broad, with concave proximal articular surface. (PI. 



XVIII, fig. 8.) 



Pelvic girdle of F. primigenius. — Eoramen ovale ovate, with the smaller end upper- 

 most, and pronounced groove for the nerve and vessels ; acetabulum higher than broad ; 

 niche of acetabulum wide, and opening on a flat surface ; obturator border of ischium 

 narrow, with prominent internal spine. 



Pelvis of F. antiquus. — Unknown. 



Pelvis of F. meridionalis is apparently like that of F. primigenius. 



Femur of F. primigenius. — Neck short ; great trochanter nearly level with the epiphy- 

 sial junction of the head ; bulging of external side at the commencement of the lower 

 third ; convergence of condyles more pronounced than in F. antiquus, and less than in 

 F. meridionalis j variability of this character not unfrequent. (PL XIX, fig. 7, and 

 PL XXII, fig. 6.) 



Femur of F. antiquus. — Condyles less convergent than in the other two generally, but 

 subject to considerable variability. 



Femur of F. meridionalis. — Shaft more round generally ; but more flattening of the 

 upper third anteriorly and posteriorly than in F. primigenius. (PL XXVI, fig. 3.) 



Crus of F. primigenius. — Prominent beetling spine ; oblique fibular facet ; circular 

 femoral and tarsal articular surfaces. (PL XIX, figs. 12 and 4.) 



Crus of F. antiquus. — Less obliquity of fibular facet ; femoral and astragalar articular 

 surfaces subcircular. (PL XIX, fig. 11.) 



Crus of F. meridionalis. — Fibular facet nearly horizontal. (PL XIX, fig. 3.) 



Pes of E. primigenius : Astragalus. — Posterior border uneven ; uneven tibial surface ; 

 outer calcaneal facet nearly quadrilateral, inner crescentic ; wide intervening fissure. 

 (PL XIX, fig. 5.) 



Calcaneum. — Heel prominent ; deep hollow internally ; dorsal aspect round ; outer 

 articular surface four sided, inner nearly triangular. (PL XIX, Fig. 1.) 



Cuboid. — Internal and external sides subequal ; calcaneal facet horizontal. 



Pes of F. antiquus : Calcaneum. — Sides of heel equally compressed, and more round 

 than in F. primigenius ; peroneal facet large and prominent ; outer articular surface ovoid, 

 inner crescentic; intervening pit gaping more anteriorly than in F. primigenius. (PL 



XIX, fig. 2.) 



Pes of F. meridionalis : Astragalus. — Posterior border concave ; tibial surface even ; 

 outer calcaneal facet nearly quadrilateral, with uneven internal side, inner ovoidal ; inter- 

 vening pit wide at the middle. (PL XIX, fig. G.) 



