1934] Hatt, American Museum Congo Expedition Pangolins and Aard-Varks 661 



travel clasped firmly on the upper side and parallel with the tail (see Plate XXXVII, 

 figure 1). It would roll itself like the adult specimens. 



No. 4. — It was able to shuffle along as rapidly as a man can walk, always touch- 

 ing the tips of its claws to the ground, on the forelegs as well as hind legs. The manis 

 rolled up whenever touched, hooking even the tip of its tail over the dorsal scales. 

 When shaken by the tip it unrolled at once and started to walk. Sometimes the 

 animal sat on its hind legs, and the forelegs then nearly touched the ground. It 

 climbed well on trees and also on steep ground. It could hold itself as firmly with its 

 tail as with its forelegs or hind legs alone. The animal never tried to scratch with its 

 claws. Its only defence consisted in rolling up, though in a very short time it un- 

 rolled again (Plate XXXVI, figure 2) and walked away. Though evidently noc- 

 turnal, it seemed not to mind the sun at all. 



Orycteropodidae 

 Orycteropus Geoffroy 



Orycteropus Geoffroy, 1795, 'Decade Philosophique 1795.' [From Agassiz 

 1842, 'Nomenclature Zool.,' Mamm., p. 23.] 

 Type. — Myrmecophaga capensis Gmelin. 



Of the thirteen aard-varks secured by the Congo Expedition two, an 

 old male and an old female, came from Niapu, well within the forest. 

 Eleven others, ranging from a very young animal with unworn teeth to 

 mature individuals of both sexes, came from the savanna region of 

 Faradje. Because of the lack of sufficient comparable material and the 

 insignificant diagnoses given most of the sixteen nominal races, it has 

 proved difficult to ascertain the affinities of the animals in the collection. 

 The two old animals from the forest present many characters by which 

 they may be separated from those of the savanna, 350 kilometers (i.e., 

 c.217 miles) to the northeast, but some of these appear to be age charac- 

 ters, and there are relatively few that can not be attributed to senility 

 or random variation. These few, however, are well marked and have 

 appeared to be of sufficient importance to warrant the recognition of 

 two races. Lonnberg's description of 0. erikssoni from Guffuri (Gufuru) 

 on the lower Bomu River agrees closely with the Niapu (forest) race, 

 whereas the points in which the Faradje specimens approximate the 

 characterization of erikssoni are, with two exceptions, those common to 

 both Niapu and Faradje specimens. The two exceptions mentioned are 

 the size of the praemaxillae (as measured by dividing the distance from 

 the maxillo-praemaxilla-nasal juncture to the anterior end of the prae- 

 maxillae into the nasal suture) and the size of the teeth. In the first 

 exception the praemaxillary measurement is half or less than half the 

 length of the nasal suture, whereas this measurement in the forest speci- 

 mens is well over the nasal length. In the eleven specimens from the 



