26 ME. E. A. NEWELL ARBER ON -THE UPPER [Feb. I907, 



for Upper and Lower Culm Measures. That the Upper 

 Carboniferous Series is one division palaeontologically is shown by 

 both the fossil flora and the fossil fauna. The assemblage of plant- 

 remains now known from these rocks is characteristic of the Middle 

 Coal Measures elsewhere in this country. There is no indication 

 that higher horizons, such as the Upper Transition Series, or the 

 Upper Coal Measures, are represented in the basin. On the other 

 hand, the occurrence of Lower Coal Measures has not yet been 

 demonstrated. 



The evidence of the fauna of the calcareous nodules, which are 

 widely distributed throughout the basin, again supports this con- 

 clusion. This marine fauna is practically identical from all the 

 horizons at which it occurs in Devon and Cornwall. The badly 

 preserved plant-petrifactions have an equally wide distribution. 



Briefly, the main conclusion arrived at here is that 

 the whole of the Upper Carboniferous rocks of the 

 great barren Coalfield of England, occupying the 

 greater part of Devon and a considerable portion of 

 Cornwall and Somerset, are, on the present evidence, 

 equivalent to the Middle Coal Measures of other 

 districts. 



VIII. Bibliography. 



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Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. vol. cxcvii, b, p. 291. 1904 [1905] . Abstract in 



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Devon ' Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1904 (Cambridge) p. 549. 1905. 

 Arber, E.A.N. (05 2 ). 'On derived Plant-Petrifactions from Devonshire' Rep. 



Brit. Assoc. 1904 (Cambridge) p. 549. 1905. 

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Somerset.' 8vo. London, 1839. 

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Surv. 1905. 

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Devonshire Assoc, vol. vii, p. 367. 1875. 

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1876. 

 Hind, W. (04). ' On the Homotaxial Equivalents of the Lower Culm of North 



Devonshire ' Geol. Mag. dec. 5, vol. i, pp. 392, 584. 1904. 

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Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. lvii, p. 347. 1901. 

 Hinde, G. J., & Fox, H. (95). ' On a Well-marked Horizon of Radiolarian Rocks 



in the Lower Culm Measures of Devon, Cornwall, & West Somerset ' Quart. 



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