Vol. 63.^ THE CORAL-EOCKS OF BARBADOS. 329 



east of Dukes, are large quarries and road-sections showing 

 inclined at considerable angles. Below Mount Tabor thin beds, 

 less than 2 feet thick, are seen sloping at 12° east-north-eastward, 

 and others at 8° northward. Beneath these, beds dip at about 

 17° to the south-east. These are also seen for a short distance 

 along the road leading to Haynesfield, south of Mount Tabor, their 

 inclination gradually lessening southward until they become 

 almost horizontal. 



To the west of these exposures is the large quarry known as 

 Haynesfield Quarry, in which is^one of the most instructive 

 sections that I have seen in the coral-rocks of Barbados (see fig. 11, 

 p. 330). The quarry, or rather series of quarries, is situated on 

 the face of an escarpment at about 820 feet above sea-level, and 

 extends for some 80 yards in a westerly direction parallel to the 

 main road. The beds at the eastern end of the quarries are marly 

 deposits dipping 3° south-eastward at the bottom of the section, 

 succeeded by similar beds dipping at 4°, at 7°, and near the top at 

 18° in the same direction ; this south-easterly series is covered by 

 beds dipping eastward at 10°. To the west of this the uppermost 

 beds are horizontal, and the middle beds dip 8° north-eastward. In 

 the next quarry the top-beds are horizontal, and lie on beds sloping 

 at 6° to the east, which overlie others inclined at 16° to the south- 

 east, while the lowest beds seen dip at 24° west-north-westward. 



In this section massive reef-corals, principally Orbicella and other 

 Astraeiform corals, are plentiful in the otherwise marly to sandy beds. 

 The corals in the uppermost beds and in those dipping at 6° are in 

 their positions of growth ; while those in the more inclined beds lie 

 in various positions, but seldom, if ever, in that of growth. Many 

 of them are lying on their sides, others are almost inverted, while 

 some are upside down. Their positions are quite independent of 

 the bedding. This section is clearly one of a formerly submarine 

 face of a coral-reef on which the sea broke with force sufficient to 

 break off many of the coral-heads from their places of growth, the 

 broken-off pieces falling or rolling down the face of the reef and 

 becoming embedded in the positions in which they fell in the slope 

 of coral-debris forming at the foot of the reef. At the western end 

 of the quarries the bottom-beds slope at 7° south-westward, while 

 the upper beds dip at 15° east-south-eastward. 



There is a cutting on the road leading up the escarpment from 

 near the quarries to Villa Nova, which is practically at right angles 

 to the quarry-sections. The beds exposed on the east side of the 

 road dip at 10° east-south-eastward, and contain masses of reef-corals 

 lying on their sides or, here and there, reversed. On ascending 

 the hill the slope of the beds is seen gradually to decrease, until near 

 the top of the ascent they are lying almost horizontally, and there 

 contain reef-corals in their normal positions of growth. West of 

 this road the limestone-strata are horizontal. 



I may here state that, in many parts of the coral-limestone, it 

 is very difficult to make out the bedding of the strata, but the 

 positions of the reef-corals usually show this definitely and clearly. 



