358 FALCONER ON THE PERIM ISLAND FOSSILS. 



being of compact sandstone, all perfectly horizontal." * Captain 

 Fulljames describes the order of succession, commencing from the 

 surface, as thus : — 



1. Loose sand and gravel. 



2. Conglomerate, composed of sandstone, clay, and silex. 



3. Yellow and whitish clay, with nodules of sandstone. 



4. Comglomerate, as above (No. 2.). 



5. Calcareo- siliceous sandstone, with a few fossils. 



6. Conglomerate. 



7 . Indurated clay, more or less compact. 



8. Conglomerate, being the principal ossiferous bed. 



No precise measurement is given of these beds, but the deepest 

 strata of conglomerate are described to be about 3 feet thick, 

 although, in general, they do not run more than 18 inches to 2 

 feet, and for the most part are horizontal. " On the western side of 

 " the island, however, the strata are much disturbed, being frac- 

 " tured and dipping at an acute angle to the east. On the soutli- 

 " ern end of the island, sandstone appears below the fossil stratum 

 " of conglomerate, dipping to the north at an angle of 25°." 

 " Capital fresh water is procurable on the island, rising from 20 

 " feet below the surface ; it is found below the stratum of sand- 

 " stone." * Dr. Lush states that " proceeding from the south 

 " point towards the eastward, layers of kunkur are met with below 

 " the sandstone." He also adds that shells and other fossils are 

 found in the conglomerate, besides the osseous remains. But none 

 of those shells are to be seen in the specimens to which I have 

 been able to refer, in the Geological Society's collection, or at the 

 British Museum. 



Our information regarding the geological structure of both sides 

 of the Gulf of Cambay, is at present exceedingly imperfect ; but 

 much may be expected when the unpublished researches of the 

 lamented Malcolmson are brought out, as he is known to have 

 carefully determined the succession and age of the tertiary beds 

 along the coast of the Northern Concan. In regard to what 

 is known, Dr. Lush describes the sandstone of Bombay as 

 appearing at Mahim, Seergaum, and Danii, in horizontal strata, 

 and "evidently above the trap." At Gundavie, the shell sand- 

 stone disappears, and beds of clay and kunkur present them- 

 selves in the line of section from Gundavie to Surat. From this 

 point to the Keem River, nothing is seen but the " black cotton 

 soil ; " on the right bank of the Keem, sandstone and conglomerate 

 are exposed, according to Dr. Lush, in the following order : — 



Section on the Right Bank of the Keem. 



1. Alluvial soil with masses of conglomerate - - 6 feet. 



2. Horizontal beds of sandstone in thin layers - - 3 feet. 



3. Sandstone --------5 feet. 



4. Coarse conglomerate (bed of the river). 



Respecting the Kattiwar coast, nearest which Perim Island is 



* Lush, loc citat. t Fulljames, loc. citat. 



