548 GEOLOGICAL MEMOIRS. 



of erosion has been traced also by M. Keilb.au, 16 metres above the 

 sea ; and this, which is probably our lower line, recurs at Logsund, 

 36 marine miles W. of Talvig, at 70° 10' N. lat., and again at 

 Tromsoe (69° 40') : the terraces opposite which town are of the 

 same kind, and have been described by M. Siljestrom. 



Other lines are cited at Lenvig (69° 20') and at G-ebostad 

 (69° 15'), but the appearances of this nature become rarer as we 

 approach Trondiem, reappearing, however, in the northern recesses 

 of the great fjord of Trondiem. 



Mr. Laing has described indications of ancient sea-beaches 60 

 English feet (18* 3 m ) above the sea near Fossum, seven English 

 miles in the interior ; but the elevation in these latitudes soon 

 becomes of a different character, and marine shells are found at no 

 great distance at a height of 400 or 500 feet. South of Trondiem 

 these lines have been observed at various elevations. 



Lastly, the ancient line of level of Nord-ostre-fjord, in latitude 

 60° 35, appears to be 43* 3 m . It is impossible to trace these lines 

 very decidedly at so many distant and detached points ; but it 

 would seem probable that the upper line retains an altitude of from 

 150 to 200 metres along the south and south-eastern coast of 

 Norway. 



On the coast of Sweden observations of this kind are still more 

 rare than in Norway ; but proofs of the comparatively recent 

 elevation of the land are not wanting. The case at Uddevalla is 

 well known, and the presence of marine shells of recent species in 

 beds above the sea level has been recorded at several points of 

 Western Sweden by M. Hisinger and Mr. Lyell ; and the absence 

 of evidence of this kind on the eastern side is probably owing to 

 the lowness of the coast line, the distance inland at which this 

 evidence must be sought, and the easy destruction of the indications 

 that were left. I shall not depart from my plan in giving here 

 two observations made on my return in this district. 



Near the mouth of the Pitea, at a little distance to the north of 

 its banks, the high road from Tornea to Stockholm runs along the 

 foot of a terrace, about 15 metres high, like those of Finmark. 

 The bank or terrace on which the road is constructed itself forms 

 the first intermediate descent, and is about 20 metres above the 

 river. 



The road from Stockholm to Gottenburg opens into the valley 

 of the Gotha, at about 4 leagues from the town, by a secondary 

 valley, tolerably wide, and nearly perpendicular to the river, 

 where the confluence occurs ; and on the other bank of the stream 

 a long hill may be observed, flattened at the summit, and parallel 

 to the principal valley, and a line of erosion or projection of the 

 most striking kind marks with a deep recess and for a considerable 

 distance the eastern side of the mountain at an elevation of about 

 30 metres. The small distance of this spot from Uddevalla and 

 from the Norwegian coast renders it probable that this line is 

 really of marine origin. 



But it is well known that these proofs of the changes that have 



