190 ME. P. H. CARPENTER ON THE GENUS SOLANOCRINUS 



the name Comatula only for the peculiar form described by Gold- 

 fuss as Solanocrinus Jaegeri (PI. XI. fig. 21), in which there is a 

 closed circlet of basals, all species with an incomplete basal ring 

 being then referred to Solanocrinus. As I hope to show later on 

 that 8. Jaegeri is the stemless head of a Pentacrinus, and not a 

 Comatula at all, I cannot accept Pictet's classification, which has 

 not found favour with any of my predecessors. 



Miiller's views reaj)peared in 1860 in Bronn's ' Thierreich '*, in 

 which Solanocrinus, Comaster, and Comatula were united under 

 one name, Comatula. Two years later Dujardin and Hupet re- 

 moved the first two types again nnder the single name Comaster; 

 while in 1866 Loven J reuuited Comaster and Comatula on the 

 ground that Goldfuss's analysis of the calyx of the former could 

 not be correct. He suggested that the so-called " basals " of 

 Goldfuss were merely the angles of the first radials ; but this 

 cannot have been the case, if any reliance is to be placed on Grold- 

 fuss's figure of the dissected calyx. Lundgren§ identifies Comas- 

 ter with Solanocrinus, but prefers the former name, which he has 

 given to a Cretaceous type presenting a considerable resemblance 

 to the Jurassic forms described by Goldfuss as Solanocrinus. 

 De Loriol || thought (in 1868) that the presence of external basals 

 might be sufficient to separate Solanocrinus from Comatula ; but 

 he has since united them under the pre-Lamarckian name Ante- 

 don %. Quenstedt # * does not seem to consider Comaster as gene- 

 tically different from the other recent Comatulce ; and although he 

 retains Solanocrinus as distinct from the latter, he remarks that 

 there seems to be no essential difference between them. 



Schliiterft, believing that the reasons which led Goldfuss to sepa- 

 rate Comaster and Solanocrinus are no longer tenable, places them, 



* Band ii. Aktinozoen (1860), p. 233. 



t ' Hist. Nat. des Zoophytes, Echinodermes ' (Paris, 1862), p. 186. 



I "Phanogenia, ett hittills okandt slagte af fria Crinoideer," Ofvers. af Kongl. 

 Vetensk.-Akad. Forhandl. 1866, No. 9, p. 226. 



§ Loo. cit. pp. 63, 69. 



j| " Monographic des Couches de l'etage Valangien d'Arzier." Pictet, Mat£- 

 riaux pour la Paleontologie Suisse, 4 e serie, p. 84. 



^[ " Monographie des Crinoides fossiles de la Suisse," Mem. Soc. Paleontol. 

 Suisse, 1879, p. 254. 



** ' Pt trefactenkunde Deutschlands,' Bd. iv. Asteriden und Encriniden, 

 pp. 165, 171. 



ft " Ueber einige astylide Crinoiden," Zeitschr. d. deutsch. geol. Gesellach,, 

 Jahrg. 1878, p. 36, 



