THE ST. JOHN'S RIVER, FLORIDA. 



53 



No. of 



No. of 



Per 





humeri. 



foramina. 



48 



cent. 



Authority. 



89 



54 



A. M. M. coll., . 



150 



69 



46 



Bull. Anthrop. Soc, . 



30 





3H-2 



Topiuard, . 



32 





34-3 



" . . . 



80 





31-2 



i i 



20 



6 



30 



The author, 



62 



17 



28 



A. M. M. coll., . 



67 



18 



28 



Primer-Bey, 



122 





25-6 



Topiuard, 



156 





21-8 



ii 



97 





21-7 



ii 



61 



12 



20 



A. M. M. coll., . 



28 





14-1 



Topiuard, . 



30 





12-1 



1 1 



66 





10-6 



" . 



388 





10-6 



•' . . . 



288 



22 



7-5 



A. M.M. coll., . 



' 27 



2 



7 



Anthrop. Soc. Paris, . 



16 



1 



6 



A. M. M. coll., . 



200 





5-5 



Topiuard, . 



96 



5 



5 



A. M.M. coll., . 



150 





4-6 



Topiuard, 



-218 





4-1 



" • • 



52 





3-8 



ii 



-218 



7 



3-2 



Bull .Anthrop.Soe. Par 



30 











Topiuard, . 



Prehistoric Arizona Indians. 



Guauches, Canary Islands. (Verneau). 



Yellow and American races. 



Polynesians. 



Indian Mounds of U. S. Wynian, Peabody Museum. 



Private collection, mainly negro and mulatto. 



Indian mounds, U. S. 



From Vaureal, France. 



Guanches of Canary Islands. 



Dolmens and grottoes around Paris. Polished stone. 



African negroes. 



Prehistoric Indians, ancient cities, New Mexico. 



Melanesians. 



Dolmens. De Quiberon. 



Caverns of 1 'Homme luort, Loz£re. Polished stone. 



Dolmens, Loz6re. Polished stone. 



Mostly white soldiers. 



Bulletins. From Chamont, stone age. 



Negroes and mulattoes. 



Parisians from IVth to Xllth centuries. 



Contemporary Indians. 



Parisians of Cemetery of Innocents. (Hamy and Sauv- 



ages). 

 Parisians of Middle Ages. (Brocaand Bataillard). 

 Europeans of America. Wynian, Peabody Museum. 

 ;Paris cemetery of XVIIth century, Broca. 

 Long barrows of England, bronze age. 



* Probably same collection. 



Length and Torsion of the Humerus. — It is quite evident that comparatively 

 few humeri can be recovered suitable for measurement for length and for torsion, 

 owing to the necessity for the preservation intact of the articular portions. 



All measurements for length of long bones are made with the planchette and 

 square. 1 



In determining the degree of torsion we have followed the method of Schmidt 2 

 with a slight variation. This modification has to do with the determination of the 

 transverse axis of the elbow joint. To fix this line the bone is held perpendicularly 

 with the lower end uppermost, the inner margin presenting itself to the eye. A 

 thread, one end of which is held against the inner surface of the bone by the thumb 

 of the hand grasping the humerus, is carried over the center of the inner margin 

 of the trochlea, stretched along the middle line of the articular surface, and carried 

 down the opposite side of the bone to be retained by a finger. The articular sur- 

 face is then held directly beneath the eye, and the exactness of the line determined. 

 The points at which the thread crosses the articular margins are marked with 

 ink and in the subsequent measurement are made to coincide with a straight line 



across the base of the instrument. The head of the bone passes above into a notch 



1 See Topinard's " Elements d' Anthropologic G6n£rale," page 1033. 



2 "Anthropologische Methoden," page 204 et seq. 

 7 JOURN. A. X. S. PHILA., VOL. X. 



