THE ST. JOHN'S RIVER, FLORIDA. 



25 



quartz pebble grooved for suspension ; an implement of polished hematite, too frag- 

 mentary for identification ; two pieces of iron pyrites ; a bead of ferruginous sand- 

 stone, 1-5 inches in length and -75 inch in diameter, with a "celt" in association ; a 

 rude fragment of hornstone with cutting edge rounded by use, 3 inches in length 

 by 1-7 inches broad; several pendant ornaments and beads of calcite (Fig. 12), 

 one bead having a length of 2 inches ; a chisel-shaped implement of chert breccia, 

 312 inches long; a quartz crystal '87 of an inch long and -5 of an inch thick, 

 with longitudinal groove, the entire surface roughened as by 

 wear. In association were a lance and an arrow head of chert. 

 Crystals of quartz, we are told, 1 were sometimes worn in the 

 ears of the aborigines. A hammer stone of chert; three 

 large marine pebbles, one flat in shape, the others oval, and 

 numerous chips of chert and bits of red hematite were met 

 with during the excavation. 



An interesting discovery was a slightly curved cylinder, 

 apparently a natural sandstone deposit, through which ran a 

 perforation, having a shoulder at one end (Fig. 13). 

 Fig. 12. Pendant ornament It is the opinion of some archaeologists that these cylin- 



of calcite (full size). derg were uged in the smoking of to b a cco. Of this we shall 



have something to say later in connection with the Bluffton Mound. 



Fourteen feet from the surface and 16 feet south of the center of the mound, 

 with a number of unbroken vessels of pottery, bits of charcoal, a Fulgur, a portion 



of the body whorl of the Fulgur 

 deeply grooved artificially, in a local 

 stratum of sand colored bright red by 

 the addition of hematite were 951 

 fragments of chert and of hornstone. 

 These fragments, none exceeding a 

 goose-egg in size, lay scattered over 

 an area of two or three square yards. 

 Fragmentary human remains were in 

 association. It is difficult to assign a motive for this deposit of stone, since 

 none of the fragments were of a size to serve for the manufacture of implements, 

 and in addition contained flaws and defects. Not far distant was a similar deposit 

 of perhaps one hundred specimens. We know of no natural supply of chert or 

 hornstone nearer to Mt. Royal than the limestone of the west coast. 



Beads. — Always in connection with human remains, at various depths in the 

 mound, were small discoidal beads of shell, at times in great quantities, single 

 deposits occasionally exceeding a pint. Several beads one inch in length and under, 

 wrought from the axes of large marine univalves, were scattered throughout the 

 mound. 



1 C- 0. Jones, " Antiquities of the Southern Indians," page 521. 



Fig. 13. Sandstone tube (full size). 



