22 CERTAIN SAND MOUNDS OF 



In association with a crystal of quartz were an arrow head and a lance point 

 of chert of graceful pattern (Fig. 6). 



A fragmentary portion of an arrow point was found with a marked curvature 

 to the barbs in opposite directions, doubtless intended to impart a rotary motion in 

 flight. 



No spear points of unusual size were met with or of types previously unre- 

 ported. 



Polished Hatchets. — -In all, Gl polished hatchets, " celts," so-called, were found 

 during the investigations at Mt. Royal. Scattered through every portion of the 

 mound they lay often in bright red sand, never more than three in association. 

 Some of beautiful finish tapered to a blunt point at one end, while others were 

 more rudely fashioned opposite the cutting edge. All sizes were represented, rang- 

 ing in length between 3'1 inches and 9 '5 inches. One hatchet, upon which a 

 sandy deposit had formed, clearly showed where a heavy cord had twice encircled 

 it. The material of the hatchets was, as a rule, the usual trap rock, sometimes 

 porph}'ritic, though a microscopic examination, kindly made lyy Dr. Goldsmith, 

 showed the rock in certain cases to be of sedimentary origin, non-cleavable, argil- 

 laceous, closely bordering on clay stone. 



Polished Chisels. — Six polished implements, evidently chisels, were met with ; 

 the smallest, 375 inches in length, gracefully shaped, still showing stria? received 

 during its manufacture (Fig. 7). Another having a length of 4*75 inches was 

 almost cylindrical (Fig. 8). 



The longest chisel, a beautiful implement of highly polished greenstone, 

 tapered gracefully from the cutting edge to a blunt point. Its length was ten 

 inches. It was found on the N. N. W. slope of the mound, one foot from the sur- 

 face 1 (Fig. 9). We believe this specimen to be unique. 



In the collection of the National Museum implements of this character and 

 length are wanting in stone, though present in copper from Wisconsin. The type 

 is not represented in the Museum of Natural History of New York. 



Gorget. — A tablet 4 - 6 inches in length by 17 inches was found on the western 

 slope 2 - 5 feet from the surface. Human teeth alone were in association. It was 

 notched at either end and perforated at one end as for suspension. It was presum- 

 ably worn upon the chest as a gorget (Fig. 10). 



Ceremonial Implements. — Two implements of the rare form known as spade- 

 shaped were found in Mt. Royal. Both were of polished claystone. 2 The smaller, 

 with a length of 9 - 5 inches, had four notches or tally marks upon either side. It 

 was found 18 inches below the surface, 25 feet due south of the center of the 

 mound. The larger, 11 '6 inches in length came from about the center of the 



x It is well to remember that the depth at which these implements were found does not represent the 

 distance from the surface at which they were orignally placed. The entire mound has been under cultiva- 

 tion, as previously stated, and the height has been materially lessened by the storms of centuries in a penin- 

 sula having a greater rain fall than any other part of the country east of the Rockies. 



2 Professor Brown and T. D. Hand, Esq., have made careful examination of all stone implements from 

 Mt. Royal. 



