142 



CERTAIN SAND MOUNDS OF 



Tennessee, in Ohio, and we read of copper implements sometimes found in Canada 

 wrapped in the skin of the beaver. 1 



Figure 7 represents an ornament of sheet copper with concavo-convex central 

 boss surrounded with beaded ornamentation. 



On the base of the mound, apparently un associated, was an object of copper, 

 in our opinion a serpent effigy. The curves are somewhat more graceful than 

 shown in Fig. 8. 



An interesting. specimen was an oblong sheet of copper 4 '5 by 3 - 2 inches. A 

 centrally perforated boss about 175 inches in diameter was equidistant from the 

 corners, upon three of which were raised elliptical ornamentations. The fourth 

 corner was missing through breakage (Fig. 9) . 



Figure 10 represents an oval ornament of sheet copper with central oval boss 

 surrounded by double lines of beaded ornamentation. 



About 4 "5 feet from the surface with fragmentary human remains was an oval 

 copper boss about 1*7 by 2 inches (Fig. 11) . Through the usual central perforation ran 

 two cords of vegetable material terminating in a knot on the outer, or convex, side 

 and with free ends on the inner, or concave portion. These cords doubtless served 

 as means of attachment. Adhering to the copper were remains of some vegetable 

 material, probably bark, in which it had been wrapped. In association were a few 

 small beads of shell. 



About four feet from the surface, near fragmentary human remains, with a 

 polished hatchet of stone, was an elliptical bead of sheet copper about 2 - 7 inches in 

 length and 11 inches maximum diameter (Fig. 12). With it were several small 

 copper beads and a tubular bead of bone 1 inch in length and '2 of an inch in 

 diameter. 



This large elliptical bead and a smaller one of the same pattern from another 

 portion of the mound (Fig. 13) were made each of a single sheet of copper bent or 



hammered until the edges overlapped, a more difficult 

 process than the method prevalent in Ohio, where, 

 Professor Putnam informs us, similarly shaped beads 

 are made of two sections, one fitting into the other. 



In Fig. 14 we have a small concavo-convex boss 



of sheet copper resembling several found in Mt. Royal. 



In caved sand and broken into many pieces by the 



fall was an object of wood, possibly a pin, beautifully 



carved with a twisted design, copper-coated (Fig. 15). 



Unfortunately, no restoration was possible, little more 



remaining than the fragments given and the metal. 



Eleven feet from the surface was a piercing implement of copper pointed at 



either end. Its length was 19 inches of which 9 inches have been taken by us 



for purposes of analysis. Its maximum diameter is "2 of an inch. As is so com- 



Fig. 15. Fragmentary object of 

 carved wood, copper-coated, 

 Mt. Royal. (Full size.) 



1 Fourth Annual Report, Canadian Institute, page 62. 



